Anterior pituitary dave's notes only so far Flashcards
(30 cards)
List the hormones of the anterior pituitary
TSH, LH, FSH, ACTH, GH, Prolactin
From what cell type, and what is the release stimulating hormone, release inhibiting hormone, and molecular type of TSH?
Thyrotrophs, TRH, no inhibiting hormone, glycoprotein
From what cell type, and what is the release stimulating hormone, release inhibiting hormone, and molecular type of LH?
Gonadotrophs, LHRH, no inhibiting hormone, glycoprotein
From what cell type, and what is the release stimulating hormone, release inhibiting hormone, and molecular type of FSH?
Gonadotrophs, GnRH, no inhibiting hormone, glycoprotein
From what cell type, and what is the release stimulating hormone, release inhibiting hormone, and molecular type of ACTH?
Corticotrophs, CRH, no inhibiting hormone, single polypeptide
From what cell type, and what is the release stimulating hormone, release inhibiting hormone, and molecular type of GH?
Somatotrophs, GHRH, somatostatin, single polypeptide
From what cell type, and what is the release stimulating hormone, release inhibiting hormone, and molecular type of prolactin?
Lactotrophs, no releasing hormone, Dopamine, single polypeptide
What regulates release of hormones from the anterior pituitary?
The hypothalamus
What are glycoproteins composed of?
An alpha subunit (identical) and a beta subunit (differs)
What is growth hormone related to structurally?
Prolactin et al (???)
How does growth hormone circulate?
Bound to carrier proteins with a 20 minute half life
Describe the secretion of growth hormone
Growth hormone secretion is pulsatile. The presence of fuels inhibits secretion and vice versa
What increases secretion of growth hormone?
A decrease in metabolic fuels, certain amino acids, stress, deep sleep, sex steroids, glucagon
What decreases secretion of growth hormone?
Free fatty acids (FFA???), glucose
What provides negative feedback for secretion of growth hormone?
IGF-1
What is the action of growth hormone?
To stimulate IGF-1 production by the liver
List the direct effects of growth hormone
- Decrease glucose uptake by cells
- Stimulate lipolysis
- Stimulate hepatic glucose output
- Increase amino acid uptake
- Stimulates erythropoiesis
How are indirect effects of growth hormone mediated?
Through IGF-1
Describe the receptor for IGF-1
The receptor is large, and stimulates intracellular kinases
What are the effects of IGF-1
Insulin like; therefore glucose uptake, antilipolysis etc
What are other family members of ??IGF-1?
EFT, NGF, PDGF
What do type one receptors favour?
IGF-1 more than IGF-2
What do type two receptors favour?
IGF 2 more than IGF-1
What do insulin receptors bind?
Insulin more than IGF-1
