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Functional Anatomy > Anterior & posterior axio-appendicular/ Scapulohumeral muscles > Flashcards

Anterior & posterior axio-appendicular/ Scapulohumeral muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the trapezius.

A

Proximal attachment: external occipital protuberance, nuchal line, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7- T12 vertebrae.

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2
Q

What is the distal attachment of the trapezius.

A

Distal attachment: clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

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3
Q

What innervates the trapezius muscle.

A

Innervation: spinal accessory nerve (CN 11) -motor fibers. And C3, C4 spinal nerves -pain and proprioceptive fibers

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4
Q

What is the muscle action of the trapezius muscle?

A

Descending part elevates; ascending part depresses; and middle part or all parts together retracts scapula; descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly.

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5
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the supraspinatus?

A

Proximal attachment: supraspinous fossa of scapula

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6
Q

What is the distal attachment of the supraspinatus?

A

Distal attachment: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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7
Q

What innervates the supraspinatus muscle?

A

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C4, C5,C6)

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8
Q

What is the muscle action of the supraspinatus?

A

Muscle action: initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles.

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9
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the infraspinatous?

A

Proximal attachment: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

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10
Q

What is the distal attachment of the infraspinatus?

A

Distal attachment: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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11
Q

What innervates the infraspinatus muscle?

A

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

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12
Q

What is the muscle action of the infraspinatus muscle?

A

Muscle action: laterally rotates arm; and acts with rotator cuff muscles

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13
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the levator scapulae?

A

Proximal attachment: transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae

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14
Q

What is the distal attachment of the levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine

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15
Q

What nerve innervates the levator scapulae?

A

Innervation: dorsal scapular (C4,C5) and cervical nerves (C3,C4)

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16
Q

What is the muscle action of the levator scapulae?

A

Muscle action: elevates scapula and rotates it’s glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula

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17
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the rhomboid minor?

A

Proximal attachment: nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T1 vertebrae

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18
Q

What is the distal attachment of the rhomboid minor?

A

Distal attachment: triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

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19
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid minor and major?

A

Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C4,C5)

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20
Q

What is the muscle action of the rhomboid minor and major?

A

Muscle action: retracts scapula and rotates it’s glenoid cavity inferiorly, fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall

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21
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the rhomboid major?

A

Proximal attachment: spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

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22
Q

What is the distal attachment of the rhomboid major?

A

Distal attachment: medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle

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23
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the teres minor?

A

Proximal attachment: middle part of lateral border of scapula

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24
Q

What is the distal attachment of the teres minor?

A

Distal attachment: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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25
Q

What nerve innervates the teres minor?

A

Innervation: axillary nerve (C5, C6)

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26
Q

What is the muscle action of the teres minor?

A

Muscle action: laterally rotates arm, and acts with rotator cuff muscles

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27
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the teres major?

A

Proximal attachment: posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula

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28
Q

What is the distal attachment of the teres major?

A

Distal attachment: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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29
Q

What nerve innervates the teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

30
Q

What is the muscle action of the teres major?

A

Muscle action: adducts and medially rotates arm

31
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Proximal attachment: spinous process of T6-T12 vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs.

32
Q

What is the distal attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Distal atachment: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.

33
Q

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

34
Q

What is the muscle action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing.

35
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis major?

A

Clavicle, sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscles.

36
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral lip of thr intertubercular sulcus of humerus.

37
Q

What nerve innervates the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral (C5,C6, C7) and medial (C8,T1) pectoral nerves.

38
Q

What is the muscle action of the pectoralis major?

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus, draw scapula anteriorly and inferiroly.

39
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor?

A

3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages.

40
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula.

41
Q

What nerve innervates the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8,T1)

42
Q

What is the muscle action of the pectoralis minor?

A

Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall.

43
Q

What is the proxiaml attachment of the subclavius?

A

Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

44
Q

What is the distal attachment of the subclavius?

A

Clavicle

45
Q

What nerve innervates the subclavius muscle?

A

Nerve to subclavius (C5,C6)

46
Q

What is the muscle action of the subclavius?

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

47
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior?

A

1st-8th ribs

48
Q

What is the distal attachment of the serratus anterior?

A

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

49
Q

What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7)

50
Q

What is the muscle action of the serratus anterior?

A

Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall, rotates scapula

51
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the biceps brachii?

A

Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

52
Q

What is the distal attachment of the biceps brachii?

A

Tuberosity of radius and fasica of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

53
Q

What nerve innervates the biceps brachii?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6,C7)

54
Q

What is the muscle action of the biceps brachii?

A

Supinates forearm and flexes forearm, short head resists dislocation of shoulder

55
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the coracobrachialis?

A

Tip of coracoid process of scapula

56
Q

What is the distal attachment of the coracobrachialis?

A

Middle third of medial surface of humerus

57
Q

What nerve innervates the coracobrachialis muscle?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6,C7)

58
Q

What is the muscle action of the coracobrachialis?

A

Helps flex and adduct arm, resists dislocation of shoulder

59
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the brachialis?

A

Anterior surface of the humerus

60
Q

What is the distal attachment of the brachialis?

A

Coronoid process and tuberoisty ulna

61
Q

What nerve innervates the brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6) and radial nerve (C5,C7)

62
Q

What is the muscle action of the brachialis?

A

Flexes forearm in all positions

63
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the triceps brachii?

A

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove.
Medial head: posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove

64
Q

What is the distal attachment of the triceps brachii?

A

Proximal end of olrecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

65
Q

What nerve innervates the triceps brachii?

A

Radial nerve (C6,C7.C8)

66
Q

What is the muscle action of the triceps brachii?

A

Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus; especially important during adduction

67
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the aconeus?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

68
Q

What is the distal attachment of the aconeus?

A

Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

69
Q

What nerve innervates the aconeus?

A

Radial nerve (C7,C8,T1)

70
Q

What is the muscle action of the aconeus?

A

Assists triceps in extending forearm, stabilizes elbow joint

Functional Anatomy (9 decks)

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