Anterior Thigh

Question 1

What are the hip flexors of the anterior thigh?

Answer 1

Iliacus 
Psoas major
Psoas minor
Pectineus 
Sartorius

Question 2

How many knee extensors are there in the anterior thigh?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

What do we collectively call the knee extensors and what muscles make up this?

Answer 3

Quadriceps femoris:

Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis

Question 4

Where does the iliacus originate?

Answer 4

Iliac fossa

Question 5

Where do the iliacus and psoas major blend?

Answer 5

Iliac fossa

Question 6

Where does the pectineus originate?

Answer 6

Pubis

Question 7

Where does the pectineus attach?

Answer 7

Pectineal line on posterior femur

Question 8

What nerve innervates the hip flexors? (Except psoas muscles)

Answer 8

Femoral nerve

Question 9

How many hip flexors are in the anterior thigh?

Answer 9

5

Question 10

Where does the sartorius originate?

Answer 10

Anterior superior iliac spine

Question 11

Where does the sartorius attach?

Answer 11

Tibia (Pes Anserinus)

Question 12

What are the branches of the femoral artery?

Answer 12

Deep artery of the thigh
Lateral circumflex
Medial circumflex

Question 13

What forms the superior border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 13

Inguinal ligament (ASIS to pubic tubercle)

Question 14

From lateral to medial, what structures occur in the femoral triangle?

Answer 14

Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymph nodes

Question 15

What is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 15

Medial border of sartorius

Question 16

What is the medial border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 16

Medial border of adductor longus

Question 17

What structures are included in the femoral sheath?

Answer 17

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymph nodes

Question 18

What structures are inside the femoral canal?

Answer 18

Lymphatic system/lymph nodes

Question 19

What are the areas of the superior, anterior thigh called from largest to smallest?

Answer 19

Femoral triangle -> femoral sheath -> femoral canal

Question 20

What is the femoral ring?

Answer 20

The opening of the femoral canal

Question 21

Which 2 structures form the borders of the femoral canal?

Answer 21

Lacuna ligament

Pectineal ligament

Question 22

Where can we feel the femoral pulse?

Answer 22

Half way between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis

Question 23

Describe a femoral hernia

Answer 23

Bowel herniates through into the femoral canal

May get compressed against the lacuna ligament and form a strangulated hernia

Question 24

What is a fascia iliaca block?

Answer 24

Injection of anaesthetic into space to bathe the femoral nerve and the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Helps with pain control after a fracture to the femur neck

Question 25

Where is the iliopsoas bursa?

Answer 25

Deep to the iliopsoas

Question 26

Where does the iliopsoas insert?

Answer 26

Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 27

What is the action of iliopsoas?

Answer 27

Flexes hip | Lateral rotation at hip

Question 28

What is the nerve supply to iliopsoas?

Answer 28

Psoas major = L1-L3 anterior rami | Iliacus = femoral nerve

Question 29

What is the origin of rectus femoris?

Answer 29

Ilium

Question 30

What is the insertion of rectus femoris?

Answer 30

Patella

Question 31

What is the action of rectus femoris?

Answer 31

Flexes hip | Extends knee

Question 32

What is the innervation of rectus femoris?

Answer 32

Femoral nerve

Question 33

What are the borders of the femoral canal?

Answer 33

``` Anterior = inguinal ligament Medial = lacuna ligament Posterior = pectineal ligament Lateral = femoral vein ```