Anti-hyperintensives

Question 1

ACE Inhibitor MOA?

Answer 1

Inhibit the conversion angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Question 2

S/E of ACE inhibitor

Answer 2

Cough
Angioedema
Hyperkalaemia

Question 3

when to use ACE?

Answer 3

First-line treatment in younger patients (< 55 years old)
Less effective in Afro-Caribbean patients
Must be avoided in pregnant women
Renal function must be check 2-3 weeks after starting due to the risk of worsening renal function in patients with renovascular disease
Drug names end in ‘-pril’

Question 4

MOA of Calcium channel blockers?

Answer 4

Block voltage-gated calcium channels relaxing vascular smooth muscle and force of myocardial contraction

Question 5

S/E of calcium channel blockers?

Answer 5

Flushing
Ankle swelling
Headache

Question 6

When to use calcium channel blockers?

Answer 6

First-line treatment in older patients (>= 55 years old)

Question 7

MOA of Thiazides?

Answer 7

Inhibit sodium absorption at the beginning of the distal convoluted tubule

Question 8

S/E of thiazides?

Answer 8

Hyponatraemia
Hypokalaemia
Dehydration

Question 9

MOA of angiotensin 2 blockers?

Answer 9

Block effects of angiotensin II at the AT1 receptor

Question 10

S/E of A2RB?

Answer 10

Hyperkalaemia

Question 11

When to use A2RB?

Answer 11

Angiotensin II receptor blockers are generally used in situations where patients have not tolerated an ACE inhibitor, usually due to the development of a cough
Drug names end in ‘-sartan’