Antibiotics

Question 1

What is the treatement for H. pylori

Answer 1

Amoxicillin, PPI and clarithromycin

Question 2

What is the treatment for common gut infections

Answer 2

Coliform - gentamicin
Enterococcus - amoxicillin
Anaerobes - metronidazole

Question 3

What is metronidazole used for?

Answer 3

Anaerobic infections
Funky things - amoeba, protazoa etc

Question 4

What is the treatment of a COPD exacerbation

Answer 4

Amoxicillin and doxycycline

Question 5

What is the treatment of leigonella (pneumonia presenting with GI symptoms)

Answer 5

Macrolide (eryhtromycin etc)
Quinolone (levofloxacin)

Question 6

What is the treatment of epiglottitis

Answer 6

Cefriaxone (cephlasporin)

Question 7

What is the treatment of bordella pertussis

Answer 7

Macrolide

Question 8

What is the treatment of staph aureus?

Answer 8

Flucloxacillin

Question 9

What is the endocarditis treatment of strep viridans?

Answer 9

Benzylpenicillin and gentamicin

Question 10

What is the endocarditis treatment of enterococcus?

Answer 10

Amoxicillin/vancomycin and gentamicin

Question 11

What are the ABx treatments for any other endocarditis infections?

Answer 11

Vancomycin and IV gentamicin

Question 12

What are the CAP pneumonia treatments?

Answer 12

Non-severe - amoxicillin IV
Severe - Co-amoxiclav IV and Clarithromycin IV (becomes doxycyclin)

Question 13

What are the HAP treatments?

Answer 13

Non-severe - amoxicillin and metronidazole
Severe - GAM

Question 14

What are the side effects of the TB drugs

Answer 14

Rifampicin - red secretions
Isonazid - Peripheral neuropathy
Pyrazinamide - hepatitis, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, joint pain
Ethambutol - colour blindness -> blindness

Question 15

What are the treatment for latent Tb

Answer 15

RI for 3 months or I for 6 months if side effects e.g. oral contraceptive pill

Question 16

What are the cell wall antibiotics and which ones are b-lactam ABX

Answer 16

Cephlasporins, carbapenems, penicillins - b-lactam
Glycopeptides - non b-lactam

Question 17

Are cell-wall abx bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal

Answer 17

Bacteriocidal

Question 18

What is cephlasporins compared to penicillins

Answer 18

More b-lactam resistant

Question 19

What antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?

Answer 19

Aminoglycoside, tetracycline, macrolide, chloramphenicol, clindamycin

Question 20

Are protien synthesis abx bacteriostatic or cidal

Answer 20

Aminoglycosides are bacteriocidal, the others are bacteriostatic

Question 21

What is unique about the secretion of macrolides?

Answer 21

They are excreted via the liver/gut whereas most others are kidneys/urine

Question 22

What antibiotics inhibit folate synthesis?

Answer 22

Sulphonamides/trimethroprim

Question 23

What is the action of fluoroquinolone?

Answer 23

Inhibit DNA synthesis/replication

Question 24

What is the action of metronidazole?

Answer 24

Damage DNA

Question 25

What is the combination of co-trimoxazole and what can it be used for?

Answer 25

Sulphonamide + trimoxazole and can be used to treat AIDS exacerbation through pneumocystic jivorecci

Question 26

Catagorise these specific antibiotics: cefriaxone, vancomicin, gentamicin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin

Answer 26

Cefriazone - cephlasporin Vancomycin - glycopeptide Gentamicin - aminoglycoside Erythromycin - macrolide Ciprofloxacin - quinolone

Question 27

What antibiotics cause C. diff

Answer 27

Cephlasporin, clindamicin, ciprofloxacin (quinolone), co-amoxiclav

Question 28

What is an indicative not-use of metronidazole

Answer 28

Alcohol interaction

Question 29

What is a common side effect of gentamicin

Answer 29

Renal damage CN XIII damage

Question 30

What is a common side effect of quinolones?

Answer 30

Tendonitis

Question 31

What antibiotics are not safe in pregnancy?

Answer 31

Quinolones Macrolides (erythromycin is)

Question 32

What is the treatment for pseudomonas?

Answer 32

Gentamicin

Question 33

When is doxycycline used?

Answer 33

- 1st line atypical pneumonias - E.G. CHLAMYDIA PSITTACHI, COXIELLA BURNETTI - COPD exaccerbation - broad spectrum if allergic to penicillin

Question 34

Treatment of bronchiectasis

Answer 34

Macrolide and nebulised gentamicin

Question 35

What antibiotic may interact with amiodarone and warfarin

Answer 35

Erythromycin