Anticoagulants Flashcards Preview

Cardiovascular SOH > Anticoagulants > Flashcards

Flashcards in Anticoagulants Deck (13)
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1
Q

Uses

A
Prevention and treatment of venous thrombus and embolism e.g.
DVT
PE
Post-op
Artificial heart valves 
AF
2
Q

Risks

A

Haemorrhage

3
Q

Drug names

A
Warfarin
Heparin (and LMWH) 
Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran
Fondaparinux
4
Q

Warfarin (mechanism)

A

Blocks vitamin K reductase
Vit K reductase converts oxidised K+ -> reduced K+ thus when this pathway is blocked, no reduced K+ is produced.
This renders factors II, VII, IX and X inactive
Slow onset of action
Long half life
Monitor INR regularly

5
Q

Warfarin (administration)

A

Oral

6
Q

Warfarin (overdose)

A

Managed with Vit K administration

7
Q

Heparin (mechanism)

A

Inactivates factor IIa and Xa

Binds to both ATIII and IIa to inactivate IIa
Binds to just ATIII to inactivate Xa

8
Q

Heparin (administration)

A

IV (immediate onset)

Subcutaneously

9
Q

LMWH (mechanism)

A

Preferred, except in renal failure

Inactivates factor Xa only.

10
Q

LMWH (administration)

A

Subcutaneously

11
Q

Rivaroxaban (mechanism and use)

A

Directly inhibits factor Xa

Preventative for venous thrombosis in patients undergoing hip and knee replacement

12
Q

Rivaroxaban (administration)

A

Oral

13
Q

Dabigatran (mechanism and use)

A

Directly inhibits factor IIa

Preventative for venous thrombosis in patients undergoing hip and knee replacement