Aetiology
Genetic
Neurochemical
Behavioural - learned
Personality
Triggers
Environment Noise Change Pain/discomfort Loss fear of the unknown
Signs and symptoms
Tachycardia sweating dizziness fatigue lump in throat muscle aches hot/cold spells insomnia
Name the 4 levels of anxiety
Mild
Moderate
Severe
Panic
Mild Anxiety
can still focus and can be goal directed to complete tasks
Moderate Anxiety
Can process info but has difficulty concentrating
Severe Anxiety
Can’t complete tasks
Panic Anxiety
irrational thoughts, distorted perception
Nursing management for a panic attack
Stay with the person reassure them establish trust short simple communication encourage ventilation of feelings instruct slow deep breaths
Treatment
Cognitive behavioural therapy Psychotherapy Group therapy Hypnosis Graded exposure therapy Nutritional and lifestyle changes = exercise, caffeine, illicit drugs Medication
Medications
Benzodiapine - reduces symptoms of anxiety and helps sleep