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Unit 6: Pharm > Anything I feel like > Flashcards

Flashcards in Anything I feel like Deck (53)
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1
Q

Didanosine

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Adenosine

2
Q

Tenofovir

A

Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (has a P step already completed) - Adenosine

3
Q

Zidovudine

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Thymidine

4
Q

Stavudine

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Thymidine

5
Q

Zalcitabine

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Cytosine

6
Q

Lamivudine

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Cytosine

7
Q

Emtricitabine

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Cytosine

8
Q

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) MOA

A

Viral DNA chain termination via inhibition of RT enzyme (DNA analogs)

9
Q

Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

A

Reverse transcriptase has a mutation so analog can’t bind

10
Q

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) general side effects

A

Lactic acidosis, GI issues

11
Q

Tenofovir (NRTI) side effect

A

Nephrotoxicity

12
Q

Zidovudine (NRTI) side effect

A

Hematotoxicity - macrocytic anemia

13
Q

Lamivudine/Emtricitabine (NRTIs) side effects

A

FEW!!!

14
Q

Zalcitabine (NRTI) side effect

A

peripheral neuropathy

15
Q

Abacavir

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) - Guanine

16
Q

Abacavir (NRTI) side effect

A

HS rxn (HLA association)

17
Q

Efavirenz

A

Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

18
Q

Nevirapine

A

Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

19
Q

Rilpivirine

A

Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

20
Q

Etravirine

A

Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

21
Q

Efavirenz (NNRTI) side effect

A

CNS symptoms (vivid dreams), teratogenic

22
Q

Nevirapine (NNRTI) side effect

A

Rash, hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, induces p450

23
Q

Rilpivirine (NNRTI) side effect

A

Rash, QT prolongation

24
Q

Etravirine (NNRTI) side effect

A

Rash, increased LFTs

25
Q

Ritonavir

A

Protease inhibitor

26
Q

Fosamprenavir

A

Protease inhibitor

27
Q

Lopinavir/Ritonavir

A

Ritonavir at low doses boosts levels of other PIs when given together (P4503A4 inhibition in liver/gut)

28
Q

Atazanavir

A

Protease inhibitor

29
Q

Darunavir

A

Protease inhibitor

30
Q

Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitors (NNRTIs) MOA

A

bind directly to RT adn inhibit its action

31
Q

Protease Inhibitor MOA

A

PI binds to active pocket within viral protease, inhibits binding of virus –> no protease cleavage = virus cannot cause infection

32
Q

Protease Inhibitor side effects

A

N/V/D

Metabolic syndrome: dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, lipodystrophy

33
Q

Maraviroc

A

CCR5 antagonist (entry inhibitor)

34
Q

Enfuvirtide

A

Prevents fusion of gp41 to CD4+ (entry inhibitor)

35
Q

Raltegravir

A

Integrase inhibitor

36
Q

Elvitegravir

A

Integrase inhibitors

37
Q

Dolutegravir

A

Integrase inhibitors

38
Q

Interferon

A

Used for HCV - establishes antiviral state within cells

39
Q

Ribavirin

A

Nucleoside analog (chain termination) for HCV - hematotoxic, teratogenic

40
Q

Sofosbuvir

A

Competes with virus nucleotide (uridine), causes chain termination of HCV RNA - relatively safe!!

41
Q

Ledipasvir

A

Inhibits HCV NS5A - viral phosphorotein needed for viral replication

42
Q

Simeprevir, Telaprevir, Boceprevir

A

NS3/4A Protease inhibitors (anemia, rash, itchy, GI)

43
Q

Acyclovir

A

Requires phosphorylation through viral TK - copetes iwth DNA analogues to cause viral chain termination

44
Q

Acyclovir’s analogs

A

Valacyclovir, Peniciclovir, Famciclovir

45
Q

Acyclovir+family side effects

A

CNS malaise/confusion, N/V/D, renal dysfunction at high doses due to crystallization (but no bone marrow suppression because the viral TK is what phosphorylates it!! only touches viral infected cells!!)

46
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Requires phosphorylation through UL97 phosphotransferase, found in ANY cell, not just viral

47
Q

Acyclovir uses

A

HSV1 and 2, VZV

48
Q

Ganciclovir uses

A

HSV1, 2, VZV, but really for CMV!!!!!!!

49
Q

Ganciclovir side effects

A

myelosuppression (neutropenia) - CNS toxicity, hepatotoxicity, GI intolerance (can get phosphorylated in any cell!)

50
Q

Foscarnet

A

Directly inhibits herpers DNA polymerases or HIV RTs

51
Q

Why is Foscarnet good for acyclovir resistant viruses?

A

Does not use TK

52
Q

Foscarnet side effects

A

Nephrotoxicity (ATN), Electrolyte problems, CNS side effects, hypocalcemia, myelosuppresion

53
Q

Oseltamivir (tamiflu), Zanamivir (Relenza)

A

Inhibit neuraminidase so virus can’t be released from infected cells