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Med and Psych Aspects > AOL 1 (Chap 1-2) > Flashcards

AOL 1 (Chap 1-2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Medical Model focused on?

A

Focused on specific medical conditions viewed as problems, intrinsic to the individuals experiencing them.
Relies heavily on measures and tests, placing limited value on subjective reports of health and functioning, leading to undervalue patient input concerning their treatment.

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2
Q

What components does the Medical Model emphasize?

A

Pathology (cause of illness/disability)
Objective, standardized measures to define the condition
Treatment
Prognosis (likely course of an illness)

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3
Q

What enlightenment era ideas are central to the Medical Model?

A

Belief that humans are basically good
Eugenics Mindset
Belief that humans can be perfected
Belief that existing failings and limitations can be eliminated not only from individuals but also within society

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4
Q

Moral Model beliefs?

A

Stated that people with disabilities were “embarrassing and pitiful”
The moral model said that having a disability was a punishment from God.
Conditions came about as a religious consequence for sin

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5
Q

Social Model beliefs?

A

Emphasized societal and environmental barriers as primary contributors to disability
Not medical but result of society’s lack of attention/accommodations to needs of those with disabilities
Key component: Equality.

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6
Q

What era created Social Model?

A

Civil and Human rights movements

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7
Q

What is a negative of this model?

A

Has not yet established a distinct body of research that systematically posits empirically testable and potentially falsifiable hypotheses

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8
Q

What is the Biopsychosocial Model?

A

Picks useful aspects of both Social and Medical models. Consists on a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors in combination that play a role in individuals ability to function.

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9
Q

What is WHO?

A

World Health Organization

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10
Q

What is the ICIDH?

A

International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps
Created in 1980

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11
Q

What is the ICF?

A

International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health

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12
Q

What are positive concepts of ICF?

A

ICF puts a positive focus on function and health conditions (disease, injury, biological factors) as well as personal, societal, and environmental factors.
Places health on a continuum.
Disability is not seen as a “problem” but rather a result of assets or barriers within social or physical environments.

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13
Q

Uses of the IFC

A

Structure to facilitate communication within and between multidisciplinary groups
Clarify team roles and enhance clinical reasoning
Organize service provision
Catalyst for research
Framework for legislative, regulatory, social, and health policy related to disability
Means of comparison for individual experience with disability
Highlights impact of environmental factors in enhancing or hindering function
Measures efficiency and effectiveness of rehabilitation services

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14
Q

What are the 2 parts of ICF structure?

A

1) Function & Disability

2) Contextual Factors

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15
Q

What is Function?

A

All body functions, activities, and participation within society

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16
Q

What is Disability?

A

Any impairment, activity limitations, or participation restrictions that result from health conditions or from personal, societal, or environmental factors

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17
Q

What are the Contextual Factors?

A

Environmental factors and personal factors

18
Q

What is Impairment?

A

Deviation from certain generally accepted population standards of function
Abnormality in body structure or appearance

19
Q

What is a Handicap?

A

Disadvantage individual experiences as a result of impairment or disability

20
Q

What is Maximum function?

A

Greatest degree of function possible; objective viewpoint

21
Q

What is Optimal function?

A

Subjective viewpoint of individual; derived from his or her own goals and experience

22
Q

What is the difference between Maximum and Optimal function?

A

Not necessary for any person to reach maximum function; most people do not want or need to reach this point of functioning
By emphasizing functional capacity and personal goals and ability to perform, optimal functioning can be achieved

23
Q

What is Disease?

A

Derived from medical model; changes in structure or function of body systems; focus on treatment; elimination of symptoms.

24
Q

What is Illness?

A

Individuals’ perception of their condition

25
Q

Acute conditions?

A

Sudden onset of symptoms, short term in nature; affect functional capacity on a temporary basis

26
Q

Chronic conditions?

A

Symptoms last indefinitely; attributed to cause that may not be identifiable

27
Q

Trajectory?

A

The course of health condition overtime

28
Q

Course of condition?

A

Nature or stages of condition: stable, progressive, episodic, degenerative, exacerbations, remissions

29
Q

Stable condition

A

Condition is being managed; manifestations (symptoms) are not progressing, health status is not deteriorating.

30
Q

Progressive condition

A

Manifestations (symptoms) continue to progress, health and functional capacity continue to decline.

31
Q

Episodic condition

A

Manifestations (symptoms) may not always be present; flare up occasionally and/or randomly

32
Q

Degenerative condition

A

Characterized by continuing breakdown of structure or function of/within the body

33
Q

Exacerbations

A

Periods when manifestations (symptoms) become worse

34
Q

Remissions

A

Periods of time when symptoms remain stable or do NOT progress.

35
Q

List the Coping Strategies

A

Denial, Compensation, Rationalization, Regression, Diversion of feelings

36
Q

What is Denial?

A

to negate the reality of the situation

37
Q

What is Compensation?

A

learning to counteract funcional incapacitation in one area by becoming stronger or more proficient in another

38
Q

What is Rationalization?

A

finding socially acceptable reasons for their behavior or to excuse themselves for not reaching goals

39
Q

What is Regression?

A

subconsciously revert to an earlier stage of development and exhibit more emotionality

40
Q

What is Diversion of feelings?

A

diversion of unacceptable feelings or ideas into socially acceptable behaviors

Med and Psych Aspects (1 decks)

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