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APHUG > APHUG Midterm Review > Flashcards

APHUG Midterm Review Flashcards

(108 cards)

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1
Q

population density

A

the numebr of people within a given area-clustered or dispersed

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2
Q

arithmetic population density

A

measure of the number of people within a given area divided by the total land area

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3
Q

physiologic population density

A

measure of the number of people per arable (farmable) land

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4
Q

peters projection

A

shape of the continents are longated

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5
Q

carrying capacity

A

the number of people an area can sustain without critically straining its resources

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6
Q

thematic map

A

maps used to display a specific type of info pertaining to an area

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7
Q

cartogram

A

hows statistical data by transforming space

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8
Q

Mercator map

A

mainly used but still distorted by size

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9
Q

robinson projection

A

distorts the edges

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10
Q

absolute direction

A

finding a location using a compass

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11
Q

possibilism

A

theory that the environment sets certain constraints or limitations but people use their creativity to decide how to respond to the conditions of the environment

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12
Q

clustering

A

when there are a lot of people in one certain area

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13
Q

dispersed

A

when people are more spread out over an area

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14
Q

sustaniability

A

meeting an increased demand for resources in a way that protects the ability of future generations to meet there own needs

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15
Q

environmental determinism

A

theory that a society is formed and determined by the physical environment by the physical environment, especially climate; human development is controlled by the environment

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16
Q

total fertility rate

A

the average number children a woman will have during her child bearing years (15-49)

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17
Q

migration

A

involves a degree of permanence when moving to a new locale

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18
Q

emigration (out migration)

A

describes movement out of a particular place

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19
Q

immigration (in migration)

A

describes movement to a particular place

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20
Q

transnational migration

A

migration across national boundaries

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21
Q

internal migration

A

migration within national boundaries

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22
Q

demographic transition model (DTM)

A

describes the relationship between population and the development of a country and can be used to explain population change over time

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23
Q

stage 1 of the DTM

A

pre-industrialization-birth rates are high & death rates are high=low population growth

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24
Q

formal region

A

region marked by a shared trait

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25
functional region
region marked by sets of activities
26
perceptual/vernacular reigon
region that exists as an idea
27
What group(s) of people migrated to the US in the 1800s
Germans and Irish
28
What group(s) of people migrated to the US in the 1900s
Asians
29
reference maps
maps used to show landforms and/or places
30
physical map
reference map that shows identifiable natural landmarks such as mountains, rivers, oceans, elevation
31
political map
reference map that shows political boundaries
32
race human
historical classification that is used to categorize human populations with shared physical traits
33
disrupted growth
significant gaps in the pyramid, usually as a result of war, strict population policies, or other drastic events
34
stable/slow growth
chracterized by a rectangular shape
35
declining/negative growth
the base is smaller than previous cohorts
36
disrupted growth
significant gaps in the pyramid, usually as a result of war, strict population policies, or other drastic events
37
Cultural landscape
the combination of physical features, agricultural , and industrial practices, religious, and linguistic practices, sequent occupancy and postmodern architecture
38
culture
shared practices, technologies, attitudes, and behaviors transmitted by the members of a society that are not the result of biological inheritance
39
ethnicity
a group of people who share a common cultural identity
40
race human populations with shared physical traits
historical classification that is used to categorize
41
material culture
clothing, food, art, buildings
42
non-material culture
language, religion, education, government, music, holidays
43
lingua franca
a language understood by most people that speak other languages, usually for trade
44
centrifugal force
a force that tears a country apart
45
genocide
premeditated effort to destroy a national, ethnic, racial, religious group
46
relocation diffusion
type of cultural diffusion that happens by people relocate to other areas
47
expansion diffusion
type of cultural diffusion where an idea or thing originates and starts to spread out from that area
48
contagious diffusion
type of expansion diffusion where most all individuals are affected
49
hierarchical diffusion
type of expansion diffusion that spreads when someone famous or of a higher powers starts a trend
50
stimulus diffusion
type of expansion diffusion when a small portion of the modifies it
51
stage 2 of the DTM
developing country-birth rates are high & death rates begin to drop=population increase
52
stage 3 of the DTM
developing country- birth rates begin to drop and death rates begin to drop=population levels off
53
stage 4 of the DTM
developed country- birth rates are low and death rates are low= populaltion stabilizes
54
stage 5 of the DTM
developed country-birth rates are very low and deth rates are low=population declines
55
epidemiological transition
increase in population due to medical innovations (modern medicine) causing a decrease in the death rate
56
thomas malthus
argued that the size and growth of a population depends on the food supply and agricultural methods AND when there is an insufficient supply of food, people die
57
pro-antalist population policies
policies that provide incentives fo rwomen to have children typically in countries with declining populations
58
anti-natalist population policies
policies that encourage ouples to limit the numebr of children they have Ex: China's one child policy
59
population aging
determined by birth rates, death rates, and life expectancy
60
pull factors
chracteristics that attract a person to a place
61
push factors
chracteristics that make a person want to leave a place
62
genocide
premeditated effort to destroy a national, ethnic, racial, religious group
63
creolization
the blending of an outside language with a native one
64
ethnic neighborhood
an area of a city that is mainly occupied by one ethnicity
65
ethnic cleansing
the effort to rid of a country/region of a particular ethnicity either through forced migration or genocide
66
forced migration
an individual migrates against her/his will, including events that produce slaves, refugees, internally displaced persons, and asylum seekers
67
refugee
individuals, protected by law, who cross national boundaries to seek safety from armed conflict or persecution
68
asylum seekers
individuals who flee their home country and applies for protection, but their request for sanctuary has yet to be processed, once processed, ther are either given refugee status or refused and returned to their home country
69
internally displaced person
individuals who leave their home due to conflict, human rights abuse, war, or environmental catastrophes, but do not leave their country to seek safety
70
sun belt
the states in the south and west coast where in the 1960's and 1970's, larger numbers of white, middle-class Americans moved from older northeastern and Midwestern cities
71
birth rate
number of live births in a single for every 1000 people
72
mortality (death) rate
number of deaths in a single year for every 1000 people
73
infant mortality rate
number of deaths during the 1st year of life per 1000
74
maternal mortality rate
number of deaths during or shortly after childbirth per 100,000
75
what is the steady natural increase rate (NIR)
2.1
76
globalization
the process of increased interconnections among countries
77
urbanization
refers to the movement of people to towns and cities and resulting expansion of rural areas
78
cultural convergence
cultures become alike as interaction increase
79
cultural divergance
the tendency for cultural groups to disassociate from others in order to protect or preserve their culture
80
folk culture
Origins are usually Anonymous, isolated indigenous communities, heterogeneous
81
popular culture
large heterogeneous groups of people so people of all different races and nationalities, uniformity is promoted
82
hearth
the source of where something comes from
83
language
method of communication (spoken/written)
84
language family
a group of languages with a shared but fairly distant orgins
85
dialect
variant of a standard language along regional and ethnic lines
86
Christianity
universalizing, monotheistic, 2.1 billion followers
87
Islam
universalizing, monotheistic, 1.3 billion followers
88
Hindu
ethnic, monotheistic, 900 million followers
89
Buddhism
universalizing, neither poly or mono, 376 million followers
90
Sikhism
universalizing, monotheistic, 23 million
91
Judiasim
ethnic, monotheistic, 14 million
92
ethnic religion
people do not try to spread their religon
93
universalizing religion
people try to spread the religion
94
stage 1 of the epidemiologic transition
diseases, animal/human attacks
95
stage 2 of the epidemiologic transition
receding pandemics, sanitation, nutrition leading to a lower CDR
96
stage 3 of the epidemiological transition
degenerative man made diseases, heart disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity
97
stage 4 of the epidemiological transition
delayed degenerative diseases, extended life expectancy due to medical advances
98
stage 5 of the epidemiological tranisiton
resurgence of infectious diseases due to globalization
99
toponym
a place-name
100
Indo-European language family
family of languages that have come from one single language
101
toponym
place names
102
Emigrant
People that are migrating exiting a country
103
immigrant
People migrating that are entering the country
104
Pull factors
economic opportunity, better life
105
Push factors
war, famine, political instability
106
Sino Tibetan language family
mandarin, most native speakers
107
ethnocentrism
the judging of another culture based on the values of your own culture
108
cultural relativism
the idea that a persons beliefs and values should not be judged

APHUG (4 decks)

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