Articulation and articulators, bones of the face, and bones of the cranial skeleton

Question 1

What are the mobile articulators?

Answer 1

Tongue, Mandible (lower jaw), soft palate, and lips

Question 2

What are the immobile articulators?

Answer 2

Teeth, Maxillae (upper jaw), hard palate

Question 3

What are considered the most important articulators?

Answer 3

Teeth, tongue, hard and soft palates, mandible

Question 4

What are the intrinsic physical qualities of the vocal tract called?

Answer 4

resonant frequencies or formants

Question 5

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve of the mandibular branch - one of the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve V- pass through?

Answer 5

The mandibular foramen

Question 6

Where are the teeth found?

Answer 6

On the alveolar process, the arch, or the crest

Question 7

What does the maxilla consist of?

Answer 7

nose, hard palate, and upper dental ridge

Question 8

Where does the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve V pass through?

Answer 8

the infraorbital foramen

Question 9

What articulates with the zygomatic bone?

Answer 9

sphenoid bone, maxilla, frontal bone, and temporal bone

Question 10

What is the alveolar process?

Answer 10

a region of the maxilla where the upper teeth are held by alveoli

Question 11

In the maxilla, where do the 2 palatine processes articulate?

Answer 11

the intermaxillary suture

Question 12

What are the bones of the cranial skeleton?

Answer 12

ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal bones

Question 13

The _______ is in the sphenoid bone.

Answer 13

pituitary gland

Question 14

What carries the optic nerve?

Answer 14

the optic foramen

Question 15

What nerves does the orbital fissure in the sphenoid bone convey?

Answer 15

oculomotor (CN III), trochlear (IV), several branches of the ophthalmic nerv of the trigeminal (V), and abducens nerve (VI)

Question 16

_________ conveys the maxillary branch coming from the trigeminal nerve.

Answer 16

Foramen rotundum - a circular hole in the botton of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone

Question 17

The ______ come from the posterior corpus and make up a part of the anterolateral skull

Answer 17

greater wings

Question 18

What partially covers the optic canal?

Answer 18

lesser wings of the sphenoid bone

Question 19

What is the nasal conchae?

Answer 19

3 small bones (inferior, superior, and middle) that look like scrolls that are found on the lateral surface of the nasal cavity

Question 20

What bones do the nasal conchae articulate with?

Answer 20

maxillary, palatine, and ethmoid bones

Question 21

What are some features of the nasal conchae?

Answer 21

They have a thick mucosal lining that has vascular supply; their shape promotes rapid heat exchange by increasing the surface area; it warms and humidifies air before it reaches the lungs

Question 22

The central fusion of the mandible is at the _____

Answer 22

symphysis mente

Question 23

What separates the paired mental tubercles in the mandible?

Answer 23

the mental protuberance (the chin)

Question 24

How does the mandible rotate?

Answer 24

By the head of the condylar process; this part articulates with the skull

Question 25

What is the condolar process and the coronoid process separated by in the mandible?

Answer 25

the mandibular notch

Question 26

What is the hard palate made of?

Answer 26

25% of the back of it is made up of the horizontal plate of the palatine bone; maxillary sinus and palatine process make up 75%.

Question 27

The vomer articulates with _____

Answer 27

lateral and medial pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone; perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, maxillary bones, and palatine bones

Question 28

What is the palatine bone made up of?

Answer 28

horizontal plate and pyramid process

Question 29

What separates the midline of the horizontal plates?

Answer 29

posterior nasal spine

Question 30

In the palatine bone, the perpendicular plate rises superiorly from the ________

Answer 30

horizontal plate

Question 31

At the superior end of the palatine bones are the ______

Answer 31

orbital processes

Question 32

The _______ is in the inferior lateral region of the palatine bone

Answer 32

nasal crest

Question 33

What does the vomer look like?

Answer 33

A knife blade with two wings called alae; it is unpaired

Question 34

What does the vomer make up?

Answer 34

the posteroinferior nasal septum

Question 35

What is the nasal septum?

Answer 35

dividing plate between two nasal cavities

Question 36

What makes up the bony part of the nasal septum?

Answer 36

vomer and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 37

What makes up the whole nasal septum?

Answer 37

vomer, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and septal cartilage

Question 38

What bones articulate with the vomer superiorly?

Answer 38

the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, the sphenoid bone

Question 39

What bones articulate with the vomer inferiorly?

Answer 39

the maxilla and the palatine bones

Question 40

What causes a deviated septum?

Answer 40

The removal of septal cartilage

Question 41

How would you describe the ethmoid bone?

Answer 41

complex and delicate

Question 42

The ethmoid bone is mostly considered a _____ and is present in the ____, ____, and ___ spaces

Answer 42

cranial bone; cranial, nasal, orbital

Question 43

The superior surface of the ethmoid bone is dominated by the _______

Answer 43

crista galli

Question 44

What parts are found on both sides of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 44

the cribiform plates

Question 45

What bones do the zygomatic bone articulate with?

Answer 45

maxillae, frontal bone, sphenoid, and temporal bone

Question 46

What articulates the zygomatic bone with the maxilla?

Answer 46

the maxillary process

Question 47

What articulates with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone?

Answer 47

temporal process

Question 48

What forms the zygomatic arch?

Answer 48

temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Question 49

________ articulate with the frontal and sphenoid bones.

Answer 49

Frontal processes

Question 50

The _______ is where the frontal bone meets the parietal bone.

Answer 50

coronal suture

Question 51

The frontal bone articulates with the ______, ____, and _______

Answer 51

zygomatic bones, parietal bone, and tiny nasal bones

Question 52

What bone of the cranial skeleton contributes the most to the cranial structure?

Answer 52

sphenoid bone

Question 53

What part of the sphenoid bone covers the optic canal?

Answer 53

The lesser wing

Question 54

What part of the sphenoid bone makes up a part of the anterolateral skull?

Answer 54

the greater wing

Question 55

The corpus of the sphenoid bone holds the ________

Answer 55

pituitary gland

Question 56

What part of the sphenoid bone carries (conveys) the optic nerve (CN II)?

Answer 56

optic foramen

Question 57

What does the supraorbital fissure of the sphenoid bone do?

Answer 57

It conveys (carries) the oculomoter (CN III) nerve, trochlear (CN IV) nerve, many branches of the ophthalmic branch of trigmenal nerve (V), and abducens nerve (CN VI)

Question 58

Where does the mental nerve, part of the inferior alveolar, which is a part of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve, pass through?

Answer 58

the mental foramen

Question 59

What is the parietal bone?

Answer 59

paired bones that form the middle portion of the brain case

Question 60

What suture brings the pair of parietal bones together?

Answer 60

sagittal suture

Question 61

What suture separates the parietal bone from the occipital bone?

Answer 61

the lambdoidal suture

Question 62

What suture separates the parietal bone from the temporal bones?

Answer 62

squamosal suture

Question 63

What suture separates the parietal bone from the frontal bone?

Answer 63

the coronal suture

Question 64

What is the occipital bone?

Answer 64

unpaired bone that makes up the back of the brain and includes the external occipital protuberance

Question 65

What bones does the occiptal bone articulates with?

Answer 65

temporal, parietal, and sphenoid bone

Question 66

What is the foramen magnum?

Answer 66

hole in the occipital bone where the spinal cord enters to get into the cranial cavity

Question 67

What suture separates the temporal bone from the occipital bone?

Answer 67

occipitomastoid suture

Question 68

What is the temporal bone?

Answer 68

A complex and dense bone divided into 4 parts: squamous, tympanic, petrous, and mastoid

Question 69

The squamous portion of the temporal bone is near which suture?

Answer 69

squamosal suture

Question 70

What are the bones of the face?

Answer 70

mandible, maxilla, nasal bones, and palatine bones

Question 71

What are features of the squamous portion of the temporal bone?

Answer 71

fan-shaped and thin; has the zygomatic process and mandibular fossa; includes the roof of the external auditory meatus (channel through which sound travels to the ear)

Question 72

What does the zygomatic process of the temporal bone's squamous portion articulate with?

Answer 72

temporal process of the zygomatic bone; this is called the zygomatic arch

Question 73

Where is the temporal bone's mandibular fossa?

Answer 73

below the base of the zygomatic process

Question 74

How is the Temporomandibular joint formed?

Answer 74

By the mandibular fossa articulating with the condylar process of the mandible

Question 75

What are features of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone?

Answer 75

includes the anterior and inferior walls of the external auditory meatus

Question 76

In the tympanic portion of the temporal bone is the _______ which sticks out below the _______and is medial to the ________

Answer 76

styloid process; external auditory meatus; mastoid process

Question 77

What are features of the petrous portion of the temporal bone?

Answer 77

It contains the cochlea and semicircular canals

Question 78

Where is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone found?

Answer 78

the posterior part

Question 79

What do the mastoid portion's air cells do?

Answer 79

communicate with the tympanic antrum or ear drum cavity

Question 80

What is the tegmen tympani and where is it found?

Answer 80

a small plate of bone that is above the tympanic antrum; it separates the subarachnoidal space which has the CSF from the air of the middle ear

Question 81

Medial to the tympanic antrum is the _____

Answer 81

lateral semicircular canal

Question 82

The bony structure behind the ear is the ______

Answer 82

mastoid process

Question 83

What do the mastoid air cells do?

Answer 83

protect the ear's structures, control the ear pressure, and possibly protect the temporal bone during trauma

Question 84

The coronal suture is also known as

Answer 84

synarthrodial joint

Question 85

What three holes does the sphenoid have?

Answer 85

optic foramen, supraorbital fissure, and foramen rotundum