Articulations

Question 1

Functional classifications of articulations

Answer 1

Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, Diarthrosis

Question 2

Structural classifications of articulations

Answer 2

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Question 3

Fibrous

Answer 3

Dense regular holds together.
Suture, Syndesmosis (longer fibers, filaments), Gomphosis (pegs held in sockets, teeth)

Question 4

Cartilaginous

Answer 4

Synchondrosis-hyaline cartilage (some replaced by bone)
Symphysis-Fibrocartilage (restricted movement, shock absorption)

Question 5

Synovial

Answer 5

most common joint
has joint cavity
lined with synovial membrane

Question 6

Types of synovial joints

Answer 6

Plane (gliding), hinge, pivot, condyloid (ellipsoid), saddle, ball/socket

Question 7

Classifications of types of movement by axis

Answer 7

non-axial=plane
uniaxial (move in one plane) l=hinge and pivot
biaxial (move in two perpendicular planes) =condylar/saddle
multiaxial (move in all 3 planes) = ball and socket

Question 8

Angular

Answer 8

Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction of the appendages

Question 9

Flexion

Answer 9

Decreases bone angle

Question 10

Extension

Answer 10

Increases bone angle

Question 11

Abduction

Answer 11

Away from midline

Question 12

Adduction

Answer 12

Towards the midline

Question 13

Circular

Answer 13

rotation (medial, lateral, upward, downward), pronation, supination, circumduction

Question 14

Medial rotation

Answer 14

Anterior rotates towards midline

Question 15

Lateral rotation

Answer 15

Anterior rotates away from the midline

Question 16

Upward rotation

Answer 16

Scapula, lateral edge rotates up

Question 17

Downward rotation

Answer 17

Scapula, lateral edge rotates down

Question 18

Pronation

Answer 18

Forearm, rotation of palm to face down

Question 19

Supination

Answer 19

Forearm, rotation of palm to face up

Question 20

Circumduction

Answer 20

Outlining a cone

Question 21

Special movements

Answer 21

Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction

Question 22

Elevation

Answer 22

Lifting a part superior

Question 23

Depression

Answer 23

Lowering a part inferiorly

Question 24

Protraction

Answer 24

Moving a part anteriorly

Question 25

Retraction

Answer 25

Moving a part posteriorly

Question 26

Opposition

Answer 26

Action of thumb and other finger brought together

Question 27

Reposition

Answer 27

Action of thumb and other finger brought back to original position

Question 28

Inversion

Answer 28

Foot Plantar turned medially

Question 29

Eversion

Answer 29

Foot Plantar turned laterally