asthma - bronchodilator Muscarinic receptor antagonists

Question 1

What is the effect of cholinergic stimulation (ACh)

Answer 1

It increases smooth muscle contraction and secretion on mucus through action on the M3 muscarinic receptor

Question 2

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)  
which receptor does it act at?

Answer 2

Muscarinic receptor antagonists

Question 3

What is the therapeutic effect of Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)?

Answer 3

Inhibits mucus secretion and promotes clearance of mucus

Question 4

When is pratropium Bromide (Atrovent) ineffective as a treatment?

Answer 4

• Ineffective against late phase asthma

- Effectiveness maybe reduced by blockade of M2 muscanic receptors leading to increased Ach release

Question 5

How is Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) administrated, how long does it take for max effect and how long does it last?

Answer 5

Aerosol inhalation
Maximum effect within 30 min
Lasts 3-5 h

Question 6

What are the side effects of Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)?

Answer 6

Minimal side effects as it is highly polar so not well absorbed into circulation

Question 7

When is Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) used clinically (in what situation)?

Answer 7

• As an adjunct to β2-adrenoceptor agonists / steroids

- Used in Bronchospasm induced by β2-adrenoceptor antagonists

Question 8

Name a long acting Muscarinic receptor antagonists (anticholinergic bronchodilator)

Answer 8

Tiotropium

Question 9

When is Tiotropium used?

Answer 9

used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)