Audiences

Question 1

Active audience

Answer 1

The theory that audiences do not just consume a text passively, they actively engage with it because of personal and social contexts

Question 2

Audience

Answer 2

The people who consume a media product by watching, listening, and reading it.

Question 3

Audience positioning

Answer 3

The technique used to persuade the audience to interpret a media product in a particular way.

Question 4

Consumption

Answer 4

The act of using media products by watching, listening, or reading them.

Question 5

Demographics

Answer 5

The characteristics and make-up of a sample of the population, e.g. age, gender, nationality.

Question 6

Guerilla marketing

Answer 6

A
Low-cost and unconventional marketing methods with a clear focus on grabbing the audience’s attention.

Question 7

Message

Answer 7

The expected reading that the audience takes from a media text.

Question 8

Moral panic

Answer 8

The way that the media stirs up intense feelings because of the way it covers a news event or issue.

In extreme cases, moral panic creates mass hysteria within society. The

Question 9

Niche audience/market

Answer 9

A relatively small segment of an audience with specific tastes and interests

Question 10

Preferred reading

Answer 10

The interpretation of a media text that the producers intended the audience to have.

Question 11

Primary research

Answer 11

A
Original and new research that is carried out to answer particular questions or issues

Question 12

Product

Answer 12

Any media text that can also be called a media product.

Question 13

Psychographics segmentation

Answer 13

Segmentation through the study of personality, values, opinions, attitudes, interests, and lifestyles.
Aspirers
- People aspire to act like them.
Main streamers
- Like popularity, they like to go along and follow trends.

Question 14

Secondary research

Answer 14

Secondary research involves the collation and analysis of research that already exists.

Question 15

Segmentation

Answer 15

The division of audiences into segments and categories.

Question 16

Viral marketing

Answer 16

Encourages consumers to share opinions and information about a media product online and on social media.

Question 17

Geographics

Answer 17

Collecting and analysing info according to the physical location of the customer. Geographic segmentation is often used in marketing.

Question 18

BARB

Answer 18

Broadcasters Audience Research Board- measures and collects television viewing data in the UK.

Question 19

RAJAR

Answer 19

Radio Joint Audience Research Limited

Question 20

Pamco

Answer 20

The Publishers Audience Measurement Company is the governing body which oversees audience measurement for the published media industry.

Question 21

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 21

physiological
safety
love/belonging
esteem
self-actualisationNielsen

Question 22

Qualitative Research

Answer 22

Defined as a market research method that focuses on obtaining data through open-ended and conversational communication.

Question 23

Quantitative Research

Answer 23

Emphasise objective measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through polls questionnaires, and surveys.

Question 24

Uses and Gratifications

Answer 24

Personal relationships
Personal identity
Entertainment
Information

Question 25

Hegemony

Answer 25

The dominance of certain aspects of life and thought by the penetration of a dominant culture and it’s values into social life. In other words, media hegemony serves as a crucial shaper of culture, values and ideology of society.

Question 26

Laura Mulvey’s Male Gaze Theory

Answer 26

A Women in the media are viewed from the eyes of a heterosexual man. Characters are created purely for men’s pleasure

Question 27

Scopophilia

Answer 27

The love to look Sexual pleasure derived chiefly from watching others when they are naked or engaged in Sexual activity; voyeurism.

Question 28

NRS Social Grades

Answer 28

A- Upper middle class (Higher managerial roles, administrative or professional) B - Middle middle class (Intermediate managerial roles, administrative or professional) C1 - Lower middle class (Supervisory or clerical and junior managerial roles, administrative or professional) C2 - Skilled working class (Skilled manual workers) D - Working class (Semi-skilled and unskilled manual workers) E - Non-working (State pensioners, casual and lowest grade workers, unemployed with state benefits only.)

Question 29

Stuart Hall’s Reception Theory

Answer 29

Preferred Reading - how the producer wants the audience to view the media text. Oppositional Reading - when the audience rejects the preferred reading, and creates their own meaning for the text. Negotiated Reading - a mix of both the producer and reader’s view.

Question 30

Mass / Niche Audiences

Answer 30

A MASS audience is made up of a large demographic group (age, gender & maybe culture/ethnicity) A NICHE audience is a small subset with very unique interests or characteristics

Question 30

Representation

Answer 30

The re-presentation of something through the media.

Question 30

Stereotypes

Answer 30

Spark instant recognition

Question 31

Pan, high shot, low shot, full shot

Answer 31

show movement, inferior, superior, to show dress code/relationship/background

Question 31

Hero’s journey

Answer 31

it is important to see how they achieve their goal

Question 32

Demographics

Answer 32

Age, Gender, Ethnicity

Question 33

Hypodermic syringe theory

Answer 33

A Theory suggests that the media is very powerful and the audience is passive and weak. They will be force-fed the information given to them no matter how hard they try to resist. This theory is challenged because not everyone reacts in the same way to media products

Question 34

Henry Jenkins - fandom theory

Answer 34

Fans enjoy media texts so much that they create content based upon the text and form communities around it, which has been made even more possible due to the internet. This is like the ‘prosumer’ term - a producer and consumer of content. It also links to media convergence - a coming together of lots of different media elements which can make a new product.