Autonomic Innervations Flashcards
describe the connections and function of the frontal lobe (prefrontal cortex) in control of bladder
- connection:
- periaqueductal grey, hypothalamus
- function
- conscious control of behavior, implementation of social norms
describe the connection and function of the insular lobe in bladder control
- connection
- periaqueductial grey
- function
- conscious perception of bladder sensory input
describe the connection and function of the limbic lobe (anterior cingulate gyrus) in bladder control
- connection
- insular lobe
- function
- emotional state, attention to bladder sensory input
describe the connection and function of the hypothalamus in bladder control
- connection
- prefrontal cortex, pontine micturition center, spinal cord preganglionic autonomic neurons
- function
- set-point for bladder control
describe the connection and function of the midbrain in bladder control
- connection
- prefrontal cortex, insula
- function
- relay for afferent and efferent signals
describe the connection and function of the pons (pontine micturition center) in the control of the bladder
- connection
- spinal cord
- function
- control of bladder filling and micturition
describe what occurs when the bladder is full
- once the bladder is full, the sensory fibers innervating the bladder wall activate the PS preganglionic fibers which initiate the micturition reflex
- sensory signals ascend through the spinal cord to the pontine micturition center, with additional info. reaching higher centers contributing to urinary urges
the visceral afferents (info. on chemoception and mechanoception) from the heart and aorta are carried via CN ___ & ____ to the _____
the visceral afferents (info. on chemoception and mechanoception) from the heart and aorta are carried via CN IX & X to the NTS
describe the NTS (nucleus tractus solitarius)
- located around the area postrema and on either side of the 4th ventricle
- NTS receives and integrates viscosensory and somatosensory info. from CN VII, IX, X
the NTS Is linked to… (2 parts of the medulla)
- caudal ventrolateral medula (CVLM) = depressor area
- projections from the CVLM are GABAergic, the reason CVLM is commonly referred to as depressor area
- rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) = pressor area
- the RVLM (glutamatergic) nucleus activates the preganglionic sympathetic cell bodes in the intermediolateral cell column (IML) and thus augments the symp. innervation to the heart and to blood vessels
describe the parasympathetic drive of the heart
- NTS (glutaminergic) also projects to the nAmb (nucleus ambiguous) and its activation becomes an important drive for PS/visceral innervation through CN IX and X
describe the pathway of what occurs during increased blood pressure
The _____ and _____ in the _____ are the rhythm generators that work closely in conjunction with other medullary areas and motoneurones (that innervate the respiratory muscles) to promote gaseous exchange between the body and environment.
The pre-Bötzinger complex and RTN (Retro Trapezoid Nucleus) in the medulla are the rhythm generators that work closely in conjunction with other medullary areas and motoneurones (that innervate the respiratory muscles) to promote gaseous exchange between the body and environment.
describe the function of the pons (pneumotaxic center) in control of respiration
maintenance of a normal breathing pattern
describe the connection and function of the medulla (dorsal respiratory group) in control of respiration
- connection
- input from pulmonary stretch receptors
- function
- periodic activation during inspiration, feedback from lung
