Autonomic Nervous System. Flashcards
The ANS consists of…
The sympathetic and parasympathetic division.
A ganglion is…
Nerve cell bodies within the PNS
What is the hindbrain?
The nerve gateway between the spinal cord and cortex.
Sympathetic activation and response…
Active during exercise and stress / Fight or flight response. Increases heart rate, blood pressure and blood sugar. Inhibits GI peristalsis, relaxes airways and dilates pupils.
Parasympathetic activation and response…
Active for rest and digest. Increases GI mortality and gastric acid secretion. Causes bronchial constriction.
Sympathetic Nervous System target tissue detects and responds to…
Noradrenaline.
Parasympathetic Nervous System target tissue detects and responds to…
Acetylcholine.
Types of Ach receptors…
Nicotinic and Muscurinic.
Nicotinic receptors…
Stimulate Ach (agonist) and control ion channels. Found in the CNS, ANS, ganglia and neuromuscular junction. Used in preganglionic neurons and blocked by curare.
Muscurinic receptors…
Found in target tissue of the Parasympathetic post-ganglionic neurons. Blocked by atropine .
What does the enteric division do?
Controls processes in food transport and digestion from the mouth to the anus.
Problems with the ANS?
Orthostatic hypotension, constipation, impotence and inability to or having excess sweat.
What causes ANS problems?
Diabetes, old age, drugs, autoimmune degradation of nerves, spinal injury and brain tumour.
