B1 W2 + partial W3 recall

Question 1

What is the cap on the 5’ end?

Answer 1

mGTP

Question 2

Pyramidine bases

Answer 2

cytosine, thymine and uracil

Question 3

Purine bases

Answer 3

Adenine and guanine

Question 4

Large ribsomal subunit

Answer 4

Joins amino acids together

Question 5

Small ribosomal subunit

Answer 5

holds the mRNA and allows tRNA to bind to it

Question 6

Genetic recombination

Answer 6

Rearrangement of chromosomes to introduce variation

Question 7

Mitotic spindle

Answer 7

Derived from microtubule proteins extending from the centriole organelle creating the spindle threads. It attaches to the chromosome via the kinetechore

Question 8

Missense substitution

Answer 8

Causes a different amino acid to be produced

Question 9

Acrocentric

Answer 9

Has shorter p arm; longer q arm

Question 10

Where does RNA polymerase bind?

Answer 10

Promoter region

Question 11

Number of chromosomes in haploid cells

Answer 11

23

Question 12

What is DNA condensed into before mitosis?

Answer 12

Chromosome

Question 13

How is DNA contained in the nucleus?

Answer 13

Chromatin

Question 14

Number of chromosomes in diploid cells

Answer 14

46

Question 15

Short tandem repeats

Answer 15

Repeated DNA sequence with varied length and no of repeats

Question 16

Hardy Weinburg equilibrium

Answer 16

Allele frequencies remain constant so evolution does not occur

Question 17

Short interfering RNA

Answer 17

Double stranded RNA that attach to mRNA sequence to silence the gene

Question 18

The phase in the cell cycle when DNA is replicated

Answer 18

Interphase synthesis

Question 19

The phase in the cell cycle when the cell makes more proteins and grows larger

Answer 19

Interphase Gap 1

Question 20

The stage of the cell cycle in which DNA is synthesised

Answer 20

Interphase

Question 21

What is the site of DNA cross over on the chromosome?

Answer 21

The chiasmata

Question 22

Purine bases

Answer 22

Adenine and guanine

Question 23

Pyramidine

Answer 23

Cytosine, thymine and uracil

Question 24

What is mesenchyme?

Answer 24

Mesenchyme is the embryonic mesoderm within a gelatinous ground substance where connective tissue, the circulatory system and lymphatic system is derived from

Question 25

What is the origin of the lymphatic system?

Answer 25

Mesenchyme

Question 26

What is the origin of the circulatory system?

Answer 26

Mesenchyme

Question 27

What is the origin of connective tissue?

Answer 27

Mesenchyme

Question 28

Which proteins make up tight junctions?

Answer 28

Claudin

Question 29

Epiblast

Answer 29

Inner cell mass of the embryo

Question 30

Eukaryotic pathogens

Answer 30

Protists/protozoa such as malaria and helminths

Question 31

Unicellular eukaryotic pathogen

Answer 31

Protists

Question 32

Eosinophils

Answer 32

Granulocytes involved in the type 1 allergic response where IgE induces degranulation. It has a bilobed nucleus

Question 33

Cocci

Answer 33

Bacteria with a spherical shape

Question 34

Baccili

Answer 34

Bacteria with characteristic rod shape

Question 35

Collagen

Answer 35

Contains high levels of glycine to coil into a triple helix

Question 36

Fibroblast

Answer 36

Produces collagen

Question 37

Blastocoel cavity formation

Answer 37

Morula pumps out Na+ ions

Question 38

Prokaryotes

Answer 38

No membrane bound nucleus, 60s ribosomes and extrachromosomal plasmid DNA

Question 39

Peptidoglycan

Answer 39

Formed of sugars and amino acids which make up the bacterial cell wall. Found in gram negative bacteria

Question 40

Piwi RNA

Answer 40

RNA which form an RNA silencing complex with Piwi proteins.

Question 41

Proteins associated with DNA

Answer 41

Histones

Question 42

Phase where cell checks DNA has been copied

Answer 42

Interphase Gap 2

Question 43

Point of attachment for a centromere to a chromosome

Answer 43

Kinetechore

Question 44

mGTP

Answer 44

Caps mRNA at the 5' end to protect it

Question 45

Chiasmata

Answer 45

Site of crossover for homologous chromosomes in recombination

Question 46

Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium

Answer 46

Allele frequencies remain constant generationally due to no migration, mutation or natural selection

Question 47

Short interfering RNA

Answer 47

Double stranded RNA which attaches to mRNA to silence it

Question 48

Chromosomal scaffold

Answer 48

Chromosome shape when chromosome is supercoiled and associated with non histone proteins

Question 49

What causes abnormal gamete number?

Answer 49

Chromosomal disjunction when homologous chromosome pairs fail to separate and there is unequal chromosomal segregation

Question 50

DNA strand which mRNA forms an RNA copy

Answer 50

Sense strand

Question 51

Start codon for translation

Answer 51

AUG

Question 52

RNA interference

Answer 52

Blocking gene expression through miRNA, piRNA or siRNA

Question 53

Section of DNA which separates nucleosomes

Answer 53

Linker DNA

Question 54

Genetic linkage

Answer 54

Tendency for chromsomes close together to be inherited

Question 55

Amino acid for start codon

Answer 55

Methionine