B4: Charles' Parliament

Question 1

What actions did Buckingham use to remove enemies such as John Williams and the Earl of Arundel from court?

Answer 1

dismissed John Williams and arrested the Earl of Arundel

Question 2

Who did Charles grow close to as a result of Buckingham’s assassination?

Answer 2

Henrietta Maria.

Question 3

Why did MPs have a vested interest in only granting limited war funds to Charles?

Answer 3

They didn’t want Charles to have too much money and gain dependence on large subsidies that would be paid for by the gentry.

Question 4

What type of proceedings did MPs launch against Buckingham in the 1626 Parliament? How did Charles react?

Answer 4

Impeachment. Charles ended Parliament

Question 5

What three sources of finance did Charles rely on between 1626 and 1628?

Answer 5

Benevolence, ship money, and false loans.

Question 6

How did Charles ensure false loans were collected in full?

Answer 6

He used public meetings to shame people.

Question 7

What was the name of the judge who refused to endorse the legality of the false loan under Charles?

Answer 7

Chief Justice Crew.

Question 8

Why was Charles forced to call Parliament again in 1628?

Answer 8

Yes, he’d run out of money.

Question 9

What did Parliament agree to in 1628 in exchange for five subsidies?

Answer 9

Four grievances were met: the illegality of extra-parliamentary taxes, billeting, martial law, and imprisonment without trial.

Question 10

Charles allowing Attorney General Heath to falsify records in the Five Knights case led to fears of what?

Answer 10

Charles just arresting everyone he disliked.

Question 11

What was the judgement in the Five Knights’ trial?

Answer 11

A judgement upheld Charles’s prerogative to imprison without trial as he refused to pay.

Question 12

How did Buckingham’s actions in 1627 ensure that England was at war with both Spain and France?

Answer 12

He sent men to help France turn on the Huguenots but turned upon them and helped the Huguenots instead.

Question 13

How many men died as a result of the failure at La Rochelle?

Answer 13

1/3 of 50,000.

Question 14

How did the public respond to the assassination of Buckingham?

Answer 14

They rejoiced.

Question 15

Who did Charles blame for the assassination of Buckingham?

Answer 15

Parliament, because they presented Buckingham negatively.

Question 16

How much money did Charles need from Parliament in 1625 to cover war expenditure with Spain?

Answer 16

£1 million.

Question 17

How much money did Parliament grant Charles for a war with Spain?

Answer 17

£140,000.

Question 18

Why was Parliament reluctant to grant Charles adequate supplies for a war with Spain initially? Three reasons

Answer 18

They didn’t trust him. He refused to explain why he needed the money, and they needed time to discuss matters.

Question 19

What form of prerogative finance did Parliament only grant Charles for a year instead of the usual lifetime grant?

Answer 19

Tonnage and poundage.

Question 20

What title did Buckingham have by 1625?

Answer 20

Lord High Admiral.

Question 21

How did Buckingham being Lord High Admiral impact tonnage and poundage?

Answer 21

Buckingham appeared to be failing his duty, and tonnage and poundage were normally used to fund the navy.

Question 22

Why did Parliament want to punish Buckingham?

Answer 22

Buckingham appeared to be failing in his duties, and they wanted to punish him for it. He was also James’ old favourite and they resented him for that

Question 23

How did Charles respond to the limitations imposed on tonnage and poundage?

Answer 23

He ignored them and continued collecting them after the first year.

Question 24

How many Parliaments did Charles have before his personal reign?

Answer 24

Three.

Question 25

What happened to both Edward Coke and Thomas Wentworth in 1626?

Answer 25

They were removed from Parliament as a result of Buckingham picking them for the role of sheriffs.

Question 26

Why can't sheriffs be MPs?

Answer 26

They organize polls and cannot stand for election.

Question 27

What year was Charles's first Parliament?

Answer 27

1625

Question 28

What year was Charles's second Parliament?

Answer 28

1626

Question 29

Who did Charles believe was responsible for foreign policy failures?

Answer 29

Parliament

Question 30

Who did Parliament believe was responsible for foreign policy failures?

Answer 30

Buckingham.

Question 31

What year did MPs launch impeachment proceedings against Buckingham?

Answer 31

1626

Question 32

What is impeachment?

Answer 32

When a crown minister is tried by the House of Lords on charges outlined in a Commons petition.

Question 33

Why is impeachment better for Parliament than a trial under a normal court system?

Answer 33

It wasn't under the crown's prerogative, so a judge appointed by the crown wasn't deciding.

Question 34

What did Charles dissolve in Parliament of 1626?

Answer 34

Parliament.

Question 35

What was the name of the petition drafted by Coke, as he believed that Charles could not be trusted without an unwritten constitution?

Answer 35

Petition of Rights.

Question 36

What four points were outlined in the 1628 Petition of Rights?

Answer 36

Parliament had to consent to taxes, people could only be imprisoned when just cause was shown, martial law was illegal, and billeting was illegal.

Question 37

Why did Charles agree to the Petition of Rights? 2 reasons

Answer 37

The threat of more proceedings against Buckingham, and he was desperate for money.

Question 38

How did Charles initially try to skirt signing the printed version of the Petition of Rights? 2 ways

Answer 38

He didn't use the correct specific constitutional language and had his printer deface the statute number.

Question 39

How did Parliament respond to Charles being sloppy about the first copy of the Petition of Rights?

Answer 39

They had him print and sign another one and do it the right way.

Question 40

What year did Parliament issue the Three Resolutions?

Answer 40

1629

Question 41

What official complaint was issued by Parliament in 1629?

Answer 41

The Three Resolutions.

Question 42

What were the Three Resolutions issued by Parliament in 1629?

Answer 42

It was treasonous to: collect tonnage and poundage without parliamentary approval, to give tonnage and poundage without parliamentary approval, and promote Arminianism.

Question 43

How did Charles respond to the Three Resolutions?

Answer 43

He dissolved Parliament.

Question 44

Which Arminian cleric did Charles' 1st Parliament attack?

Answer 44

Richard Montagu.

Question 45

Why did Charles' Parliament's attack Richard Montagu?

Answer 45

His books was anti-Calvinist (they were Calvinist).

Question 46

What were the names and dates of Montagu's two works?

Answer 46

"An Old Gag for a New Goose" (1624) and "Appello Caesarem" (1625).

Question 47

What position did Charles appoint Montagu to in 1625?

Answer 47

Royal Chaplain.

Question 48

What was Charles's response to his first Parliament's attack on Buckingham and Montagu?

Answer 48

He dissolved Parliament.

Question 49

Who chaired a theological debate at his house in 1626?

Answer 49

Buckingham.

Question 50

What was the name of Buckingham's theological debate in 1626?

Answer 50

The York House Conference.

Question 51

What was the York House Conference designed to persuade Charles away from?

Answer 51

His high-church Arminian views.

Question 52

Why did the York House Conference fail? 2 reasons

Answer 52

Buckingham took a strong stance in favor of William Laud, and Charles didn't even consider attending.

Question 53

Which Arminian cleric did Charles have open the Parliament of 1626?

Answer 53

William Laud.

Question 54

How did William Laud further antagonize Parliament in his opening of the 1626 Parliament?

Answer 54

He stressed obedience to Charles in his opening sermon.

Question 55

What Archbishop of Canterbury refused to license sermons persuading parishioners to pay their false loans under Charles?

Answer 55

George Abbott.

Question 56

What financial aspect did the Petition of Rights fail to explicitly mention?

Answer 56

Tonnage and poundage.

Question 57

What religious aspect did the 1628 Petition of Rights fail to address?

Answer 57

His favor to Armenians and anti-Calvinists.

Question 58

What bishop role did Charles appoint Laud to in 1628?

Answer 58

Bishop of London.

Question 59

What bishop role did Charles appoint Montague to in 1628?

Answer 59

Bishop of Chichester.