B9 Respiration Flashcards
(28 cards)
Word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
Symbol Equation for Respiration
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy
Ways in Which Living Organisms Use Energy
Growth and repair
Active transport
Maintaining body temperatures
Why Respiration is an Exothermic Reaction
Respiration releases energy in the form of heat
which means it gives off energy to the surroundings
What is a Control
A standard of comparison for checking results of an experiment
Why a Control is Necessary in Some Scientific Investigations
Necessary so results of an experiment are due to the variable being tested and not other factors
How Heart Rate, Breathing Rate, and Breath Volume Change with Exercise
Heart Rate: Increases
Breathing Rate: Increases
Breath Volume: Increases
Why Heart Rate changes with exercise
Increases to pump more oxygenated blood to the muscles
Why breathing rate changes with exercise
Increases to intake more oxygen and expel more carbon dioxide
Why breathe volume changes with exercise
Increases to bring in more air per breath
Why Stores of Glycogen Change with Exercise
During exercise, glycogen stored in muscles is broken down into glucose to provide a quick source of energy for cellular respiration
Leading to a decrease in glycogen stores
Word Equation for Anaerobic Respiration
In Animals
Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy
Word equation for anaerobic respiration
In Plants and Microorganisms
Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
Balanced Symbol Equation for Anaerobic Respiration in Plants and Microorganisms
C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ + Energy
What happens during Anaerobic Respiration in Animals
Produces lactic acid, no carbon dioxide is released
What does Anaerobic Respiration produce in plants and microorganisms
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
Similarities in anaerobic respiration in animals and plants
Both produce less energy compared to aerobic respiration
Occur in absence of oxygen
When do Cells Respire Anaerobically
When there is not enough oxygen to meet energy demands through aerobic respiration alone
Compare and Contrast Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration:
Requires oxygen
produces more energy
end products are carbon dioxide and water
Anaerobic Respiration:
Does not require oxygen
produces less energy
end products are lactic acid in animals or ethanol and carbon dioxide in plants and microorganisms.
Why Heart and Breathing Rate Continue to be High for a Period of Time After Exercise
To continue supplying oxygen to repay the oxygen debt
Fermentation
A type of anaerobic respiration that converts glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide
Uses of Fermentation
Alcohol production
Bread making
Biofuel production
Why Muscles Get Tired During Exercise
Due to accumulation of lactic acid during anaerobic respiration
Metabolism
All the chemical reactions in the cells of an organsim, including respiration
