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Flashcards in Background Chemistry Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged particle. Formed by either gaining or losing electrons.

2
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positive ion

3
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negative ion

4
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An element with the same number of protons but a different number of neurons. Some isotopes are radioactive.

5
Q

An acid reacts with a base to form what?

A

A salt and water

6
Q

What ph is an acid?

A

Below 7

7
Q

What ph is an alkaline?

A

Above 7

8
Q

Based that are soluble in water are called what?

A

Alkalis

E.g sodium and potassium hydroxide

9
Q

What happens when an acid is placed in water?

A

Hydrogen protons are released.

Strong acids ionise completely. Weak acids partially

10
Q

What is valency?

A

An atoms bonding or combibging power.

11
Q

What is the valency of carbon?

A

4

12
Q

What is the valency of hydrogen?

A

1

13
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

Where electrons are shared between atoms. These bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.

14
Q

What are ionic bonds?

A

Where electrons are donated from one atom to another.

15
Q

What is dissociation?

A

When an ionic compound is placed in water. The ions separate being surrounded by a ‘shell’ of water keeping ions apart.