Bacteria and viruses

Question 1

define prokaryote

Answer 1

NO NUCLEUS

Question 2

define eukaryote

Answer 2

true nuclei, organelles

Question 3

size advantages of bacterial cells

Answer 3

• small so large S/A to vol ratio, nutrients diffuse to all of cell quickly
• size also helps the organism replicate quickly

Question 4

shape is determined by

Answer 4

presence of cell wall

Question 5

bacteria replicates by

Answer 5

binary fission, to produce 2 daughter cells

Question 6

describe the structure of a virus

Answer 6

a core nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat

Question 7

what shape is coccus

Answer 7

round

Question 8

what shape is bacillus

Answer 8

rod shaped

Question 9

what is meant by gram positive

Answer 9

Gram-positive bacteria have a very thick cell wall made of a protein called peptidoglycan

Question 10

what is meant by gram negative

Answer 10

bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.