Base Ops

Question 1

Breechblock

Answer 1

Seals the breech and blocks gases from exiting the chamber. Gives gases direction

Question 2

Cartridge

Answer 2

Consists of cartridge case and bullet

Question 3

Cartridge case

Answer 3

Does not contain a bullet

Question 4

Fluted chamber

Answer 4

Slots cut into the chamber which allow gases from fired cartridge to enter the chamber and create a buffer between case and chamber wall that aids in extraction of cartridge case
Will leave horizontal burn marks on the case

Question 5

Lands

Answer 5

Raised portion of rifling that impart the spinning motion

Question 6

Grooves

Answer 6

The valley portion that in conjunction with lands impart spinning motion

Question 7

Extractor

Answer 7

Component that engages extractor grooves on the cartridge case. Used to pull the case from the chamber

attached to the bolt

Question 8

Internal Ballistics

Answer 8

All that happens within a firearm from the moment the primer ignites until the bullet leaves the barrel

Question 9

External ballistics

Answer 9

Concerned with the path of the bullet from the muzzle to the target

Question 10

Terminal ballistics

Answer 10

What happens to the bullet after it hits the target and what the bullet actually does to the target upon impact

Question 11

Caliber

Answer 11

The distance across the bore of a weapon measured from land to land expressed in hundredths of an inch

Question 12

Trajectory

Answer 12

The path of the bullet from the muzzle to the target

1. Rising branch
2. Maximum ordinate
3. Falling branch

Bullet will never rise above bore line

Question 13

5 types of firing

Answer 13

Single Action
Double Action
Semi-Auto only
Auto-only 
Selective fire

Question 14

Single Action

Answer 14

The weapon will only fire when it has been manually cocked

Question 15

Double action

Answer 15

The trigger bar will cock the weapon when the trigger is pulled and the sear will release the hammer when the trigger has reached its maximum rearward movement

Question 16

Semi-Auto only

Answer 16

The weapon will fire only one round per pull of the trigger

Question 17

Auto-Only

Answer 17

The weapon will fire continuously until the trigger is released

Question 18

Selective Fire

Answer 18

The weapon can fire semi-auto or fully auto

Question 19

MOA->Inch

Answer 19

1 MOA= 1.047 inches or 1 inch at 100 yards

Question 20

MOA->cm

Answer 20

1 MOA= 2.87cm or 3cm at 100m

Question 21

MIL->MOA

Answer 21

1 MIL=3.375 MOA or 3.5 MOA

Question 22

Types of Feeding Mechanisms

Answer 22

Magazines
Belts
Clips

Question 23

Types of Magazines

Answer 23

Box (Staggered/In-line)
Pan
Drum

Question 24

Types of Belts

Answer 24

Split Link
Fully Incased Link
Disintegrating Link
Non-Disintegrating Link

Question 25

types of clips

Answer 25

Stripper | En-Block

Question 26

Types of military Cartridge

Answer 26

``` Rimmed Semi-Rimmed Rimless Belt Rebated ```

Question 27

Types of Ammo

Answer 27

Center Fire | Rim Fire

Question 28

parts of cartridge

Answer 28

Bullet Case Primer Powder

Question 29

types of bullet tips

Answer 29

Spitzer | Round Nose

Question 30

Choke

Answer 30

Tapered constriction at the muzzle end of a shotgun’s barrel | Increases effective range

Question 31

types of chokes

Answer 31

Full Modified Improved cylinder Cylinder

Question 32

Breech

Answer 32

The outside rear face of the barrel that meets the face of the bolt

Question 33

Headspace

Answer 33

The distance from the breechblock to the part of the chamber that stops forward movement of the cartridge case

Question 34

Muzzle Brake

Answer 34

Device attached to end of muzzle that deflects emerging gases. Energy imparted pulls weapon forward to offset rearward recoil

Question 35

Rifling

Answer 35

Spiral grooves in the bore of the barrel which impart a spinning motion on the bullet

Question 36

Ejector

Answer 36

Presses against cartridge case to push it out of the mechanism - 180* opposite of the ejection port - Fixed or spring loaded

Question 37

Disconnector

Answer 37

Prevents the firing of more than one shot per pull of the trigger. Prevents firing until the action is fully closed

Question 38

Sear

Answer 38

Component retained under spring tension that releases, by means of a trigger, either a firing pin, hammer, or bolt

Question 39

Trigger

Answer 39

Finger actuated lever that activated the firing mechanism. When pulled, fires the weapon

Question 40

Battle Sight

Answer 40

The range at which you can hit a target between the throat and waist without making a sight adjustment

Question 41

Trigger Bar

Answer 41

Mere extension of the trigger. Connects the sear and trigger

Question 42

Ballistics

Answer 42

The study and science of the motion and impact of projectiles

Question 43

5 categories of firing pins

Answer 43

``` Free floating Striker Percussion Inertia Fixed ```

Question 44

3 types of ballistics

Answer 44

Internal External Terminal

Question 45

8 types of locking systems

Answer 45

``` Rotating bolt Rising/lowering bolt Swinging bolt Rotating barrel Rising barrel Locking flaps Locking block Roller ```

Question 46

8 cycles of operation

Answer 46

``` Feeding Chambering Locking Firing Unlocking Extracting Ejecting Cocking ```

Question 47

8 types of operating systems

Answer 47

``` Bolt action Blowback Delayed blowback Recoil Recoil with gas assist Gas operated Manual pump Rotating cylinder ```

Question 48

3 types of gas operated

Answer 48

Gas blast Gas tappet Gas direct

Question 49

types of primer

Answer 49

Boxer (reloadable, one flash hole) | Berdan (two flash holes)

Question 50

4 rules of weapon safety

Answer 50

Treat every weapon as if it’s loaded Never aim at something you aren’t willing to destroy Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to fire Be sure of your target and what’s beyond it

Question 51

Angular Measurements

Answer 51

1 MIL= 10cm at 100m | = 1m at 1,000m or 1km

Question 52

Hybrid muzzle device

Answer 52

Combined reduction in flash signature, recoil, and muzzle climb

Question 53

Compensator

Answer 53

Device attached to muzzle allowing gases to be deflected upward through the top slots. Lower portion is solid causing gases to push muzzle down, retarding muzzle climb

Question 54

Flash suppressor

Answer 54

3 or 4 pronged device attached to the muzzle designed to cool hot gases as they leave the muzzle behind the round, reducing flash

Question 55

3 ways to measure headspace

Answer 55

1. Pistol cartridge= breechblock->straight wall/mouth of the cartridge case 2. Rimmed Case= just the width of the rim 3. Rimless case= breechblock->Datum line

Question 56

Silencer

Answer 56

Device attached to muzzle end of firearm which muffles the sound of the expanding gases when a round is discharged

Question 57

Types of muzzle devices

Answer 57

1. Flash suppressor 2. Muzzle brake 3. Compensator 4. Hybrids

Question 58

Shot shell components

Answer 58

``` Crimp Case Shot Wad Powder charge Brass head Primer ```

Question 59

Civilian cartridge measurement (caliber)

Answer 59

The distance across the bore of a weapon, measured from land to land, expressed in hundredths of an inch

Question 60

Military cartridge measurement

Answer 60

Bullet diameter x cartridge case length expressed in mm

Question 61

Bullet bases

Answer 61

Boat tail | Flat base

Question 62

Types of recoil operating systems

Answer 62

1. Long action= barrel and bolt recoil all the way back as a complete unit 2. Short action= barrel and bolt recoil only a short distance together before unlocking and separating. (Glock) 3. Inertia action= entire firearm recoils while the bolt stays in place (Bennelli)