Flashcards in Basic Anatomical Terminology Deck (57)
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1
anatomical position
(1) head, eyes, & toes directed anteriorly, (2) upp limbs are by sides of body w/ palms facing anteriorly, (3) lower limbs are together w/ toes facing anteriorly
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superior
toward head
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inferior
toward feet
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anterior (ventral)
front
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posterior (dorsal)
back
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medial
toward midline
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lateral
farther from midline
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ipsilateral
on same side of body
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contralateral
on opposite side of body
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proximal
closer to some point of reference
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distal
farther from some point of reference
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superficial
toward surface of body
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deep
away from surface of body
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sagittal plane
vertical plane which divides body/organ into right & left sides
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midsagittal plane
equal right & left halves
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parasagittal plane
unequal right & left halves
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frontal (coronal) plane
divides body/organ into anterior & posterior portions
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transverse (horizontal, cross-section) plane
divides body/organ into superior & inferior portions
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flexion
decreases angle b/n bones
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extension
increases angle b/n bones
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abduction
movement of limbs away from body (fingers or toes - spreading of these structures)
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adduction
movement of limbs toward body (fingers or toes - drawing together of these structures)
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circumduction
circular movement that's a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, & adduction; occurs in such a way that the distal end of the part moves in a circle
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rotation
involves turning or revolving a part of the body around its longitudinal axis (e.g. turning the head to the side)
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medial rotation
turns anterior surface of a limb closer to the median plane
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lateral rotation
turns the anterior surface of a limb away from the median plane
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supination
lateral rotation of forearm so palm faces anteriorly
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pronation
medial rotation of forearm so palm faces posteriorly
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protraction (protrusion)
movement of a body part forward (anteriorly) (e.g. protraction of mandible, sticking chin out)
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