Beam and Connections Flashcards
What are the main internal forces in a beam?
Tension and compression.
What is camber in beams?
An upward bend in a beam to counteract deflection from dead loads.
Where is compression typically found in a steel wide flange beam?
At the top flange.
Where is tension typically found in a steel wide flange beam?
At the bottom flange.
What is the role of the web in a wide flange beam?
To hold the flanges apart and resist shear.
Where is the neutral axis in a symmetrical steel beam?
In the center, between tension and compression zones.
In site cast concrete beams, where is tension typically resisted?
By steel reinforcement at the bottom.
What is the compression block in a concrete beam?
The region of concrete in compression, usually at the top.
Why is tension in concrete usually disregarded?
Concrete’s tensile strength is unreliable.
What is the benefit of pre-tensioning in precast concrete?
It increases the compression block and introduces camber.
How do TJI joists work structurally?
Top and bottom flanges resist compression and tension; the web holds them apart.
What do glulam beams have in common with steel beams?
Top and bottom laminations resist compression and tension respectively.
What is a moment connection?
A connection that resists rotation and transfers moment between members.
What is a shear (pinned) connection?
A connection that resists vertical loads but allows rotation.
How is a beam moment-connected to a column?
By welding/bolting the flanges and web to prevent rotation.
How is a beam shear-connected to a column?
Using bolted angles on the web allowing some rotational movement.
How are beams typically connected to girders?
Via shear connections using angles on the web of the girder.
What makes a beam-to-girder connection continuous?
Plates connecting top and bottom flanges to restrict rotation.
What issue can top flange plates cause in beam-girder connections?
They interfere with the placement of floor decking.
What are stiffener plates used for?
To transfer loads and add rigidity in continuous beam-to-girder connections.
Why is decking corrugated?
To increase its strength and stiffness.
What is form deck used for?
To act as a form for concrete during placement.
What is composite deck used for?
To work structurally with concrete using studs and bonding.
What are shear studs in composite deck for?
To bond concrete to steel beams and transfer loads.
