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Flashcards in Bio. Test 3 Review Deck (56)
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0
Q

Kreb’s cycle in eurokaryotic cells takes place where?

A

The inner membrane of mitochondria

1
Q

Name the element that is the final acceptor of electrons and protons?

A

Oxygen

2
Q

Minimum # of calories needed for Brain cells?

A

500

3
Q

Name compounds or foods that are mood changers?

A

Sugary foods

4
Q

Foods used by brain cells?

A

Glucose

5
Q

In the first step of krebs cycle what happens to acetic acid?

A

It bonds with CoA and forms acetyl CoA

6
Q

Piruvic molecules are transferred to the mitochondria from where?

A

The cytoplasm

7
Q

What causes leg cramps?

A

High levels of lactic acid

8
Q

Soy sauce is formed from soybeans in what process?

A

Fermentation of fungi

9
Q

Sour taste in milk comes from?

A

Lactic acid

10
Q

Name the product or compound formed in the first step of alcoholic fermentation?

A

Acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide

11
Q

At what point in the anabolic pathway is ATP not synthesized?

A

Alcoholic fermentation, NAD+

12
Q

How are glucose molecules broken down in absence of oxygen?

A

Fermentation

13
Q

of net ATP during glycolysis?

A

2

14
Q

Aerobic catabolism of one glucose molecule produces what?

A

6 molecules of H2O and Co2

15
Q

Total # of ATP molecules produced during aerobic respiration?

A

36

16
Q

In mature red blood cells what do they not contain?

A

Any of the organelles

17
Q

What causes the destruction of red blood cells?

A

Rise of disorderliness

18
Q

Lifespan of red blood cells?

A

120 days

19
Q

How is the oxygen molecule transported in humans?

A

Hemoglobin

20
Q

Fundamental laws of matter in the matter in the universe that all things tend toward what?

A

Disorder

21
Q

Living cells depend upon flow of what materials?

A

Water, nutrients, and iron

22
Q

Cellular instruction matinence and synthesis is governed by what structure in the cell?

A

Nucleus or nucleoid region

23
Q

The site of protein synthesis?

A

Ribosomes

24
Q

Name an organelle that provides continued energy to the cell?

A

Mitochondria

25
Q

Energy neither destroyed or created? True or false

A

True, due to first law

26
Q

Energy flow from one set of compounds to another in a cell is accomplished by what?

A

Chemical reaction, ex. Conversion of glucose to glycogen

27
Q

Formation of a new compound in a chem. reaction?

A

Product

28
Q

Chem. reaction that produces heat?

A

Exogenic

29
Q

Chem. reaction that brings about energy changes within a living cell?

A

Metabolism

30
Q

Name molecules that act as agents in energy flow?

A

Enzymes

31
Q

Name cells main energy carrier?

A

ATP

32
Q

Adenosine is composed of what?

A

Adenine and ribose, it has 5 carbon sugars w/N containing base

33
Q

ATP molecules are made of?

A

Adenosine, and triphosphate

34
Q

When is a chem. equilibrium established?

A

When the rate of forward reaction is = to a backward reaction

35
Q

What kind of gas does carbonated beverages contain?

A

Carbon dioxide

36
Q

Energy needed in a chem. reaction to reach a transitional state?

A

Activation energy

37
Q

Factors that will speed up chemical reaction?

A

Heat, catalase, increase reaction, decrease product

38
Q

Fluid inside of cells?

A

Intracellular fluid

39
Q

Movement of molecule from high to low concentration ?

A

Passive transport

40
Q

When concentration of solutes inside and outside are the same?

A

Isotonic

41
Q

What kind of molecules are enzymes?

A

Protein molecules

42
Q

What prevents excessive water gain by plants?

A

Turgor pressure

43
Q

Osmotic balance in the cell is maintained by what mechanism?

A

Sodium potassium pump

44
Q

What mechanism supplies energy in to red blood cell?

A

Glucose molecule

45
Q

Organisms used in baking, and beer making?

A

Cyclosis

46
Q

Glycolysis of glucose in absence of oxygen?

A

Lactic acid and alcohol

47
Q

Catabolic pathways of glucose molecules?

A

Fermentation

48
Q

Which of the following molecules are nucleotides?

ATP, ADP, and AMP

A

All of them

49
Q

Oxidation involves what?

A

Loss of electrons and reduction is gain of electrons

50
Q

Electron transport to and from ATP

A

Fhdh2, NAPH, NAPA and cytochrome

51
Q

In a oxidation reduction reaction the loss of electrons is what?

A

Oxidation reduction reaction (gain of electrons)

52
Q

Which are coenzymes?

NAD+ or FAD

A

All the above

53
Q

Precursors to pro enzymes are?

A

Vitamins

54
Q

Organisms that survive on preformed food?

A

Heterotroph

55
Q

Facts of Glycolysis?

A
  • Takes place in cytoplasm
  • 3 billion years old
  • Takes place in the presence or absence of oxygen
  • Involves a specific set of enzymes