✅ BIOCHEM - Carbohydrates

Question 1

Empiric formula of carbs

Answer 1

(CH2O)n

Question 2

Number of sugar units in oligosaccharides

Answer 2

3-10 sugars

Question 3

Monosaccharides are classified accdg to

Answer 3

Number of carbon atoms

Functional group

Question 4

Glucose is what type of monosaccharide

Answer 4

Aldose

Question 5

______ have carbonyl groups at the end

Answer 5

Aldose

Question 6

_____ have carbonyl groups in the middle

Answer 6

Ketoses

Question 7

Glucose when oxidized forms

Answer 7

Glucuronic acid

Question 8

Glucose when reduced form

Answer 8

Sorbitol (alcohol)

Question 9

What sugars are abundant in humans?

Answer 9

D-sugars

Question 10

The sugar of the body

Answer 10

D-glucose

Question 11

What sugar is a constituent of many glycoproteins?

Answer 11

D-mannose

Question 12

Xylose is found in

Answer 12

Glycoproteins

Question 13

Neuraminic acid is found in

Answer 13

Proteoglycans

Question 14

Monosaccharide found in cardiac tissue

Answer 14

Lyxose

Question 15

How are disaccharides formed?

Answer 15

Condensation of 2 monosaccharides

Question 16

Bond between disaccharides

Answer 16

Glycosidic bonds

Question 17

Glucose + glucose

What bond?

Answer 17

Maltose

Alpha 1,4

Question 18

Glucose + galactose

Answer 18

Lactose

Beta 1,4

Question 19

Glucose + fructose

Answer 19

Sucrose

Alpha 1,2

Question 20

Example of an oligosaccharide

Answer 20

Maltotriose

Question 21

Disaccharide from fungi and yeast. A major source of insect hemolymph.

Answer 21

Trehalose

Question 22

Polysaccharide of fructose used to determine GFR

Answer 22

Inulin

Question 23

Bonds of cellulose

Answer 23

Beta 1,4

Question 24

Other name for mucopolysaccharides

Answer 24

Glycosaminoglycans

Question 25

2 types of projections in chemical structure

Answer 25

Fisher and hayworth

Question 26

What are isomers?

Answer 26

Same chemical formula but different structures

Question 27

Define epimers

Answer 27

Compounds that differe in configuration around only one specific carbon atom with the exception of the carbonyl carbon

Question 28

Define enantiomers

Answer 28

Mirror images | Designated as levo or dextro

Question 29

Other name for enantiomers

Answer 29

Stereoisomers | Optical isomers

Question 30

6 carbon ring

Answer 30

Pyran ring

Question 31

5 carbon ring

Answer 31

Furan ring

Question 32

Define anomer

Answer 32

Convertible between a linear form and ring form

Question 33

Spontaneous interconversion of anomers through a process

Answer 33

Mutarotation

Question 34

Principal sites of carbohydrate digestion

Answer 34

Mouth | SI

Question 35

Amylase can digest what type of glycosidic bonds

Answer 35

Alpha 1,4

Question 36

Pancreatic amylase hydrolyzes complex carbs to what forms

Answer 36

Disaccharides and trisaccharides But NOT directly to monosaccharides

Question 37

Disaccharides are digested in the _____

Answer 37

Brush border of the SI

Question 38

Glut 2 is what type of channel

Answer 38

Facilitated diffusion

Question 39

Glut 5 utilizes what transport means?

Answer 39

Facilitated diffusion

Question 40

SGLT 1 is what type of transport?

Answer 40

Secondary active transport

Question 41

Other name for SGLT 1

Answer 41

Sodium glucose symport

Question 42

Glut 5 transporter is for all sugars. T or false

Answer 42

False For glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 43

SGLT 1 is for what sugars?

Answer 43

Glucose | Galactose

Question 44

Define glycemic index

Answer 44

Increase in blood glucose after a test dose of a carb compared to that with an equivalent amt of glucose

Question 45

Lactose intolerance : Asians | Isomaltase-sucrase deficiency : ?

Answer 45

Greenland eskimos

Question 46

What is the basis for the not giving milk to someone with diarrhea?

Answer 46

Wash off of enzymes transiently

Question 47

Both anabolic and metabolic pathway

Answer 47

Amphibolic

Question 48

Example of an amphibolic pathway

Answer 48

Kreb's Cycle

Question 49

Most abundant organic molecules in nature

Answer 49

Carbohydrates

Question 50

Only insulin stimulated glut transporter

Answer 50

Glut 4

Question 51

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 51

Cytoplasm