Biochemistry 1.8 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Biochemistry 1.8 Deck (17)
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1
Q

What are ionotropic receptors?

A

cholinergic nicotinic

GABAa

2
Q

What are metabotropic receptors?

A

cholinergic muscarinic (GABAb)

3
Q

Which neurotransmitter is released by the preganglionic terminal?

A

ACh

4
Q

What are the functions of acetylcholine?

A
  • attention

- memory

5
Q

What are the functions of dopamine?

A
  • attention
  • reward
  • decisions
6
Q

What are the functions of serotonin?

A
  • homeostasis
  • sleep
  • wake
  • pain
7
Q

What are the functions of norepinephrine?

A
  • attention

- response to stimuli

8
Q

What is choline acetyltransferase?

A

synthesizes ACh

9
Q

What is acetylcholine esterase?

A

degrades ACh

10
Q

What is the choline transporter?

A

reuptakes choline into the presynaptic terminal after ACh has been degraded

11
Q

What are the dietary sources of choline?

A
  • eggs
  • cod
  • milk
  • liver
12
Q

What causes fatty liver disease?

A

deficiency of choline interferes with lipid processing and leads to fat buildup int he liver

13
Q

Where is 90% of the body’s serotonin (5-HT) found?

A

intestine

14
Q

What is the function of serotonin?

A
  • neurotransmitter in CNS
  • regulates blood pressure in endothelial cells
  • regulates digestion in intestine
15
Q

From what is serotonin derived and how is it synthesized?

A

tryptophan

1) tryptophan hydroxylase (adds hydroxyl group)
2) 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase (removes carboxyl group)

16
Q

What is the important cofactor in serotonin synthesis?

A

tetrahydrobiopterin

17
Q

What are typtans?

A

serotonin agonists