Biochemistry- Lipids & Lipoproteins Flashcards
Which cells synthesize TAGs?
hepatocytes, intestinal cells, adipose cells
Which cells build TAGs De-Novo?
hepatocytes and adipose cells
What is the method that the adipose tissue can absorb FFAs?
The FFAs are broken down by capillary lipoprotein lipase
What is the first step in TAG synthesis?
The addition of CoA with the Free FA via Fatty-Acyl CoA Synthetase
How is the Glycerol Backbone made in the intestinal cell?
It is not made; actually it is transported directly from the lumen after pancreatic lipase activity
How is the glycerol backbone made in the hepatocytes?
In the hepatocytes, glycerol comes from the G3P dehydrogenase that converts Glucose…..DHAP–> G3P.
Glycerol kinase converts the glycerol–> G3P
What are the levels of which energy storage depletes over time?
Glucose, glycogen, protein, TAGs last
What is the forming blocks for the chylomicron?
TAGs, apolipoproteins, other liquids
Where do these chylomicrons go?
Chylomicrons are released into the lymphatic system and enter the blood via the thoracic duct
What promotes TAG synthesis in the liver hepatocytes?
Excess carbohydrates in the diet
How are chylomicrons and VLDL broken down into FAs for Adipocyte TAG synthesis?
Chylomicrons and VLDL are broken down by capillary lipoprotein lipase into FFAs. These FAs are added to CoA with Fatty-Acyl CoA synthetase to create Fatty Acyl-CoA.
What enzyme is responsible for converting TAG–> DAG?
ATGL (Adipose triglyceride lipase)
What is the 2 enzyme that converts DAG–> MAG?
Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) + Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
What converts MAG–> Glycerol?
MAG lipase
What does perilipin enzyme do?
Perilipin enzyme inhibits the breakdown of Hormone-Sensitive Lipase (HSL) which converts DAG–>MAG.
