Biodiversity

Question 1

What does a phylogenetic classification show?

Answer 1

A phylogenetic classification, is a type of groupings which shows how recently, different organisms have had a common ancestor.

Question 2

what are the features of a phylogenetic classification system?

Answer 2

HIERARCHIAL: There must be no overlap between groups at the same level.

there are smaller groups, within large groups.

Question 3

What are the multiple ways, to find out wether two organisms have a recent common ancestor?

Answer 3

physical features and courtship behaviour.

modern technology: genome sequencing, amino acid sequencing, and immune responses.

In each case, the greater the similarity, the higher the chance of a common ancestor.

Question 4

What is the binomial name?

Answer 4

a name composed of two terms. ( the genus and the species).

Question 5

state and explain the 5 reasons why courtship behaviour is essential for surviving.

Answer 5

1. Attracts member of the same species.
2. attracts members of the opposite sex.
3. stimulates mating, and release of gametes.
4. Encourages bond between two organisms, which may help them successfully raise their young.

When an organisms is unable to carry out courtship behaviour, it is very unlikely to reproduce.

If the inability to act out courtship behaviour, is due to a mutation. Failure to reproduce will prevent mutation from being passed to offspring.

Question 6

What is a habitat?

Answer 6

A place where an organism lives.

Question 7

What is a community?

Answer 7

populations of different organisms, within the habitat.

Question 8

what is biodiversity?

Answer 8

variety of living organisms, found in a particular place.

Question 9

What may biodiversity focus on?

Answer 9

1. The range of habitat themselves.
2. The range of species within a community.
   the range of different alleles of genes in a population.

Question 10

what are the two ways to represent species diversity?

Answer 10

species richness, and Index of diversity ( D).

Question 11

describe species richness.

Answer 11

Species richness, is the number of species in a community .
However, this doesn’t tell us about the number of individuals in each species, therefore two communities with the same species richness, could look very different.

Question 12

Describe index of diversity.

Answer 12

The index of diversity, uses both species richness, and the number of individuals in each species. ]
This is the formula for species richness: dfbaushfja

Question 13

Describe the formula for index of diversity.

Answer 13

N = Total number of organisms in a community.
n = number of organisms, of a particular species.

E = Tells us to do the whole bottom calculation, for each species in turn, and then sum all of the results together.

Question 14

Name all the farming practices, which reduce biodiversity.

Answer 14

1. Encouraging a monoculture.
2. removal of hedges.
3. drainage of pond are like ponds and marsh.
4. Allowing animals to overgraze.
5. herbicides, pesticides, and waste, can escape into water courses, and, thus change the biodiversity of other habitats.

Question 15

what are the negatives of trying to reduce the negative impact of farming?

Answer 15

1.higher cost for the farm.
2. Lower amount of food produced.

Question 16

Name all the ways in which farms are trying to increase biodiversity.

Answer 16

1. add hedges, ponds, woodland and new trees, in areas with low diversity. 2.Rotations of crops and animals to increase the soil fertility.
2. NOT use pesticides, but rather use competing species, and genetically modified crops, in order to limit the impact of undesirable pests.

Question 17

state all the levels of the taxa, in order

Answer 17

Domain , kingdom , phylum , class , order , family , genus , species.