Biological approach

Question 1

main assumptions of the biological approach

Answer 1

-behaviour, cognitions and emotions can be explained in terms of the working of the brain and the effect of hormones, genetics adn evolution
-similarities and differences between people can be understood in terms of biological factors and their interaction with other factors

Question 2

What are the 3 studies

Answer 2

1. Dement and Kleitman (Sleep and Dreams, 1957)
2. Hassett et al. (monkey toy prefrences, 2008)
3. Hozel et al (mindfulness and rain scans, 2011)

Question 3

EEG

Answer 3

Electroencephalograph, used to record brain activity and eye movements

Question 4

3 aims/ questions being investigated

Answer 4

1. Does dram recall differ between REM and nREM sleep
2. Is there a positive correlation between subjective estimates of dream duration and the length of the REM period before waking?
3. Are eye-movement patterns related to dream content?

Question 4

IV and DV of dement and kleitman

Answer 4

IV: wha stage of sleep the subject was woken up in
DVs: 1. dreaming or not
2. dream length estimation
3. anecdotal evidence given by the dreamer

Question 5

Sample of Dement and Kleitman

Answer 5

7 male and 2 female adults. 5 were studied in detail. from chicago. 5 were studied intensively and the other 4 were used to confirm the findings

Question 5

What was the experiment design and research method for dement and kleitman

Answer 5

A lab experiment using repeated measures.

Question 5

Sampling method of dement and kleitman

Answer 5

opportunity sampling

Question 5

Procedures

Answer 5

1. participants were woken up and was asked to speak and record about their dream immediately
2. Participants were woken up either 5 or 15 mins into REM sleep and were asked to how long they had been dreaming for
3. waking up participants after one of four eye movement patterns occured. vertical, horizontal, vertical and horizontal, little or no eye movement