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Flashcards in Biology 1 Deck (48)
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1
Q

Human and animal cells have which parts?

A

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Mitochondria, Ribosomes

2
Q

Function of the Nucleus

A

Control activities in the cell

3
Q

Function of the Cytoplasm

A

Where chemical reactions take place

4
Q

Function of the Membrane

A

Controls the passage

of substances into and out of the cell

5
Q

Function of the Mitochondria

A

Where most energy is

released in respiration

6
Q

Plant and algal cells have which extra parts

A

Chloroplasts, Cell wall, Permanent vacuole

7
Q

Function of the Cell Wall

A

Strengthen the cell

8
Q

Function of the Chloroplasts

A

Absorb light energy to

make food

9
Q

Function of the Vacuole

A

Store cell sap

10
Q

Bacterial cells consist of what parts

A

Cytoplasm, membrane, cell wall

11
Q

Describe the nature of how genes are located in bacterial cells

A

The genes are not located within a nucleus

12
Q

Yeast consist of what parts

A

Cytoplasm, membrane, cell wall

13
Q

Describe diffusion in terms of the movement of particles and the nature

A

Diffusion is the spreading of the particles of a gas, or
of any substance in solution, resulting in a net
movement from a region where they are of a higher
concentration to a region with a lower concentration.
The greater the difference in concentration, the faster
the rate of diffusion.

14
Q

How does oxygen pass through cell membranes

A

Via diffusion

15
Q

A tissue is made up of what

A

cells

16
Q

Muscular tissue has what function

A

contract to bring about movement

17
Q

Glandular tissue has what function

A

Produce substances such as enzymes and hormones

18
Q

Epithelial tissue has what function

A

Covers some parts of the body

19
Q

What are organs made from

A

tissues

20
Q

what tissue does the stomach contain

A

Muscular, glandular, epithelial

21
Q

Why does the stomach have muscular tissue

A

to churn the contents

22
Q

Why does the stomach have glandular tissue

A

to produce digestive juices

23
Q

why does the stomach have epithelial tissue

A

to cover the outside and inside of the stomach

24
Q

Name an organ system

A

Digestive system

25
Q

Name two glands in the digestive system

A

Pancreas and salivary glands

26
Q

Why does the digestive system have glands

A

To produce digestive juices

27
Q

What function do the stomach and small intestine both serve to the digestive system

A

To digest

28
Q

Why does the digestive system have the liver

A

To produce bile

29
Q

What does the small intestine specifically do

A

Absorbs soluble food

30
Q

What does the large intestine do?

A

Absorbs water from undigested food, producing faeces

31
Q

Name 3 plant organs

A

Stems, roots and leaves

32
Q

Name 3 examples of plant tissue

A

Epidermal, Mesophyll, Xylem and ploem (they have the same function)

33
Q

Function of epidermal tissues

A

Cover the plant

34
Q

Function of mesophyll

A

Carries out photosynthesis

35
Q

xylem and phloem

A

Transport substances around the plant

36
Q

Green plants and algae use light energy mainly for what

A

food

37
Q

They obtain the raw materials for photosynthesis from where?

A

Air and the soil

38
Q

Reproduce the equation for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide+water —> glucose + oxygen (note that there should be light energy above the arrow)

39
Q

Light energy is absorbed by what substance

A

Chlorophyll

40
Q

Where is chlorophyll found

A

chloroplasts

41
Q

How is the light energy used in photosynthesis

A

light energy is used by converting carbon dioxide
(from the air) and water (from the soil) into
sugar (glucose)

42
Q

Name the 3 limiting factors of photosynthesis

A

shortage of light
low temperature
shortage of carbon dioxide.

43
Q

Glucose produced in photosynthesis may be converted into what

A

insoluble starch for storage

44
Q

Glucose produced in photosynthesis may also be used during what

A

Photosynthesis for respiration

45
Q

Glucose in plants and algae is used for 3 things

A

To produce fat or oil for storage, Produce cellulose which strengthens the
cell wall and produce proteins

46
Q

What other ingredient is required for plants to produce proteins and where does the plant acquire it from

A

Nitrate ions that are absorbed from the soil

47
Q

Name 5 physical factors than affect organisms

A
temperature
availability of nutrients
amount of light
availability of water
availability of oxygen and carbon dioxide
48
Q

What are the two methods to obtain quantitative data on the distribution of organisms

A

random sampling with quadrats

sampling along a transect