Biology 2 Flashcards
What are the different groups?
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What is one way that an animal can be classified?
An artificial system is based on one or two characteristics that make identification easier.
What is another way that animals can be classified?
A natural system is based on evolutionary relationships and is much more detailed. Animals that are more closely related are more than closely related are more likely to be in the same group.
What is a species?
A species is a group of organisms that can be interbreed to produce fertile offspring
What do pyramids of biomass do?
Pyramids of biomass show the dry mass of living material at each stage of a food chain
How does energy flow get used?
As energy flows along a food chain, some of it is used for growth.
How is carbon recycled?
Carbon dioxins is removed from the air by plants using photosynthesis.
Describe the nitrogen cycle
Plants take in nitrogen as it grows in the soil.
Feeding passes nitrogen compounds along a food chain or web
The nitrogen compounds in dead plants and animals are broken down by decomposers and returned to the soil.
Why do animals have to adapt?
Animals have to adapt so that they can live in certain conditions.
What happens to animals that don’t adapt?
The species simply become extinct.
What is natural selection?
Charles Darwin wrote his theory of natural selection and how evolution might happen. The modern version of natural selection can be summarised like this:
Within any species there is variation
Only those who adapt will survive
Organisms produce more young than will survive, so there is limited resources such as food
What are the three different types of pollution?
Carbon dioxide from increases burning of fossil fuels, which can increase green house gases
CDC’s, from aerosols which destroy the ozone layer
Sulphur dioxide, from burning fossil fuels, which causes acid rain
How can pollution be measured?
Pollution in water or air can be measured using direct methods or by indicator organisms. Direct methods include oxygen probes attached to computers that measure oxygen in ponds.
What does sustainable development mean?
Taking enough resources form the environment for current needs, while leaving enough for the future and preventing permeable damage.
How are animals classified?
Organisms are classified starting with their kingdom and then ending with their species.
