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Flashcards in Biology 2 Deck (38)
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1
Q

Nucleus of a cell

A

The brains of the cell. This is in the middle of the cell, and is where the cell dna is located

2
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Surrounds and protects the nucleus

3
Q

Ribosomes

A

Synthesizes biological proteins

4
Q

Mitochondria

A

Place where energy is converted by the cell into fuel

5
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

Membrane-enclosed nucleus, includes plant and animal cells

6
Q

Prokaryotic cells

A

No membrane around the DNA, includes bacteria

7
Q

Actin

A

The skeleton of the muscle

8
Q

Myosin

A

The motor of the muscle

9
Q

ATP

A

Produces the energy our body needs

10
Q

Phosphate

A

PO4H2

11
Q

Diffusion

A

When particles spread out and equalize their concentrations

12
Q

What covalent bonds store the energy for plants

A

Glucose and diatomic oxygen

13
Q

What type of light is a CO2 rich atmosphere opaque to

A

Infrared light

14
Q

Genotype

A

The internally coded, inheritable information carried in the DNA of all living organisms

15
Q

Phenotype

A

The outward, physical manifestation of an organism. It results from a combination of genotype, which is inherited, plus many environmental factors

16
Q

Dominant

A

A gene that produces the same phenotype in the organism even if the corresponding gene from the other parent is different. For example, the gene for brown eyes is dominant

17
Q

Recessive

A

A gene that produces a phenotype in an organism only if the corresponding gene from the other parent is the same. For example, the gene for blue eyes is recessive

18
Q

Homozygous

A

An organism is homozygous for a given trait if both of the corresponding genes for that trait are the same

19
Q

Heterozygous

A

An organism is heterozygous for a given trait if both of the corresponding genes for that trait are different

20
Q

Positive feedback

A

A continuous amplification of heat

21
Q

Negative Feedback

A

A gradually decreasing amount of heat

22
Q

Sexual selection

A

A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain traits are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates

23
Q

Sustainable

A

Permanent and nothing is harmed

24
Q

Renewable

A

Things are harmed and it isn’t permanent

25
Q

How many atoms are in a simple sugar ring

A

23 atoms, 6 Carbons, 11 Hydrogens, 6 Oxygens, 4 hydroxyl groups, two simple sugars are bonded by an Oxygen atom

26
Q

Bilateral symmetry

A

A definite head

27
Q

Radial symmetry

A

Five-fold symmetry

28
Q

Sodium Potassium pump

A

The mechanism by which a sodium atom enters a cell

29
Q

Coefficient for diatomic oxygen in photosynthesis

A

6

30
Q

DNA to RNA

A

Transcription

31
Q

DNA coding for amino acids

A

Translation

32
Q

C6H12O6 + (6)O2 =

A

(6)CO2 + (6)H2O

33
Q

(2)C8H18 + (25)O2

A

(16)CO2 + (18)H2O + kinetic energy + heat energy

34
Q

K-T boundary

A

A distinct layer of clay found in rocks formed from sediment that blanketed the earth 66 million years ago, at the end of the Mesozoic and the beginning of the Cenozoic era. This boundary can be found in the Raton Basin. Below the K-T boundary, the fossils are larger and more diverse. Above the K-T boundary, the fossils are smaller and less diverse

35
Q

Critical piece of evidence that an asteroid struck earth and wiped out the dinosaurs

A

Rocks taken from the Chicxulub crater are the same age as the K-T boundary

36
Q

How could an asteroid kill off so many species

A

The sun being blocked out, thereby halting photosynthesis

37
Q

How a meteor could be stopped

A

Solar power, flying laser bots could go into space and zap off tiny pieces of the asteroid. In this way, the momentum of the asteroid would be changed and the asteroid would change course.

38
Q

Formula for sodium oxide

A

Na2O