Biology Term One

Question 1

What is Law?

Answer 1

Law is fact based on evidence and will never change.

Question 2

What is Theory?

Answer 2

Theory is and educated guess based on evidence and can change.

Question 3

What is Cell Theory?

Answer 3

Cell theory is that cells are the basis of all living things, cells are the basis unit of life, and cells come from pre-existing cells.

Question 4

What are the 7 signs of life?

Answer 4

M - movement
R - respiration
S - sensing stimli
G - growth
R - reproduction
E - excrete
N - nutrition

Question 5

What are the Classifications?

Answer 5

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 6

How do you write a scientific name?

Answer 6

When writing scientific names the genus is first with a capital and the species is lowercase with both being on a lean.

Question 7

What are the two main cell types?

Answer 7

Unicellular and multicellular.

Question 8

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 8

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Question 9

What is a Unicellular cell?

Answer 9

Unicellular cells are found in bacteria, archaea, some fungi, and almost all protists.

Question 10

What is a Multicellular cell?

Answer 10

Multicellular cells are found in all animals, all plants, and some fungi.

Question 11

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 11

A prokaryotic cell contains no membrane bound organelles and referred to as the simple cell.

Question 12

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 12

A eukaryotic cell contain membrane bound organelles and is referred to as the complex cell.

Question 13

What are organelles?

Answer 13

Organelles are something that make up a cell (can be referred to the little organs for a cells).

Question 14

What are the different types of microscope?

Answer 14

Light microscope
SEM (scanning) microscope
TEM (transmission) microscope
Synchrotron microscope

Question 15

How to find the scale length of a specimen?

Answer 15

actual length divide by length of drawing = scale

Question 16

How do you find diameter?

Answer 16

diameter of field b = magnification of A divide by magnification of B times diameter of A

A - what you start with
B - what you want to convert it to

Question 17

Nucleus

Answer 17

• contains chromosomal DNA
• has its own double membrane
• consider the control centre of a cell

Question 18

Nucleolus

Answer 18

• to produce and assemble ribsomes

Question 19

Vacuole

Answer 19

• stores water and soluble nutrients in the cell (cell sap)
• primarily found in plant cells

Question 20

Chloroplast

Answer 20

• has it’s own membrane and DNA
• contains the chemical chlorophyll
• responsable for photosynthesis
• only found in plant cells

Question 21

Mitochondria

Answer 21

• has it’s own membrane and DNA
• responsible for cellular respiration (breaking down glucose)
• is consider the power house of the cell

Question 22

Cell Wall

Answer 22

• is made up of cellulose
• found in plant cells, fungi cells, and unicellular organisms
• give structure to the cell

Question 23

Cell Membrane

Answer 23

• surrounds the cell and some other organelles
• allows substance into and out of the cell

Question 24

Golgi Apparatus/Body

Answer 24

• have large surface area to volume ratio
• receive, sort, store, and secrete proteins

Question 25

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 25

- smooth and rough - smooth is closer to the nucleus - rough has ribosomes embedded on the surface closer to the cell wall - they refine proteins - ER transports and processing - found in plant and animal cells

Question 26

Ribosomes

Answer 26

- unit for proteins synthesis (Mods) - make up the rRna - found in plant and animal cells

Question 27

Lysosomes

Answer 27

- are the vacuum cleaner of the cell - jobs are destruction and digestion - move about the cell

Question 28

Cytoplasm

Answer 28

- is the space between cell membrane and cell membrane - cytosol is the jelly everything is suspended in

Question 29

Enzyme

Answer 29

Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in the body

Question 30

Amylase

Answer 30

Amylase is an enzyme to break down glycosidic bonds with starch molecules turning complex carbohydrates into simple sugars.

Question 31

Lipase

Answer 31

Lipase are enzymes that break down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol by catalyzing the hydrolysis of ester bonds in the triglycerides.