bipsychology

Question 1

what 3 layers make up the brain

Answer 1

central core
limbic system
cerebrum

Question 2

what is the function of the central core

Answer 2

all unconcious actions
it regulates the endocrine system to maintain homeostasis

Question 3

what is the function of the limbic system

Answer 3

it regulates emotions and it is located around the central core

Question 4

what is the function of the cerebrum

Answer 4

deals with higher intellectual processes

Question 5

what is phrenology

Answer 5

introduced by Gall and it believes that the shape of the head and the brain’s function correspond with each other

Question 6

what is the idea of localisation

Answer 6

the idea that functions are specific to different parts of the brain

Question 7

what is the idea of lateralisation

Answer 7

the idea that functions are controlled by one of the brains hemispheres

Question 8

what does contralateral mean

Answer 8

it means that the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versa

Question 9

where is the motor cortex located and what is it’s function

Answer 9

located in the frontal lobe. responsible for voluntary movement on the opposite side of the body. Damage to this area results in loss of control over fine movements.

Question 10

where is the somatosensory cortex located and what is it’s function

Answer 10

is located in the parietal lobe .processes sensory from the skin(touch, heat and pressure)

Question 11

where is the visual cortex located and what is it’s function

Answer 11

is located in the occipital lobe. responsible for the eyes. It sends information from the right visual field to the left visual cortex and vice versa. Damage to this area can result in blindness in part of the right visual field of both eyes

Question 12

where is the auditory cortex and what is it’s function

Answer 12

is located in the temporal lobe. The auditory cortex analysis speech based information. Damage may produce partial hearing loss; the more extensive the damage the greater the loss.

Question 13

what is Broca’s area responsible for and what happens if it is damaged

Answer 13

is in the left frontal lobe and is responsible for speech production. damage to this area (Broca’s aphasia can lead to low,laborious and lacking in frequency)

Question 14

what is Wernicke’s area responsible for and what happens if it is damaged

Answer 14

an area in the left temporal lobe as being responsible for language comprehension. will lead to Wernicke’s aphasia which will produce nonsense words

Question 15

what are the strengths of localisation of function in the brain?

Answer 15

case study evidence Phineas Gage injured by tampering iron and lost part of frontal lobe. this led to personality change which could mean that personality is localised to the area damaged.

Peterson et al found that Wernicke’s area lit up in a listening task in a brain scan and Broca’s in the reading task
tulving found that semantic and episodic memory are in different areas (different areas have different functions)

Dougherty et al 2002 reported on 44 OCD patients who had undergone a cingulotomy. At post-surgical follow up after 32 weeks, a third had met the criteria for successful response to the surgery and 14% for partial response.
Success of procedures like this suggests tha symptoms and behaviours associated with serious mental disorders are localised