Block 5 Review Flashcards Preview

Neuro Final Review > Block 5 Review > Flashcards

Flashcards in Block 5 Review Deck (12)
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1
Q

What looks dark on T1 and T2 MRI?

What looks light?

A

Dark - CSF, edema, bone, air, calcium, some lesions
Middle - white and gray matter
Light - fat, blood, gal - contrast material

2
Q

What stage has low amplitude, high frequency beta wave?

A

Awake - in presence of Orexin

REM Sleep!

3
Q

What is seen in an EEG of a seizure?

A

Low frequency, high amplitude waves outputed from the cortex. Thalamocortical oscillations synchronize firing across the thalamus.

4
Q

Where does AD cause neurofibrillary tangles?

A

Hippocampus

5
Q

Difference between Naloxone and Naltrexone?

A

Naloxone - for opioid OD

Naltrexone - for opioid addiction

6
Q

What is the significance of the GABAergic neurons in the VPLO?

A

“Sleep switch” that inhibits ARAS nuclei & orexin neurons

7
Q

What does Melanin-concentrating hormone do?

A

Promotes REM sleep

8
Q

What is the significance of ARAS?

A

Cholinergic, dopaminergic and histaminergic neurons that promote wakefulness!

9
Q

What does dexamethasone inhibit?

A

Prostaglandin synthesis

10
Q

What does a high MAC value indicate? What has the highest MAC value?

A

High MAC = low potency
Low MAC = high potency
Nitrous Oxide has highest MAC

11
Q

What has the lowest MAC value of the anesthetics?

A

Halothane - it is very potent!

12
Q

What is the MOA for Ketamine?

A

Potent, high affinity, NMDA receptor antagonist