Blood

Question 1

What type of tissue is blood?

Answer 1

Vascular tissue

Question 2

What is blood made up of?

Answer 2

55% liquid plasma, 45% blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets)

Question 3

What is the pH of blood?

Answer 3

pH 7.4

Question 4

What colour is plasma?

Answer 4

Yellow straw colour

Question 5

What is plasma made up of?

Answer 5

90% H2O, 7% proteins, 3% dissolved materials

Question 6

What is the function of plasma?

Answer 6

Transport

Question 7

What is another name for red blood cells?

Answer 7

Erythrocytes

Question 8

Describe the physical appearance of red blood cells

Answer 8

Biconcave flexible discs

Question 9

What name is given to an immature red blood cell?

Answer 9

Red blood corpuscle (has nucleus but it is not needed so dissolves)

Question 10

Where are red blood cells made?

Answer 10

In the red bone marrow

Question 11

Name three features of red blood cells

Answer 11

No nucleus (no division)
No mitochondria (cellular respiration/ energy)
Haemoglobin

Question 12

What is the function of red blood cells?

Answer 12

Carry oxygen by red pigment called haemoglobin to become oxyhaemoglobin.

Question 13

What is haemoglobin made up of?

Answer 13

Iron and protein

Question 14

How long do red blood cells live?

Answer 14

Up to 4 months

Question 15

What happens to red blood cells in the liver/ spleen?

Answer 15

Broken up into iron (stored in liver) and protein (make bile pigments biliverdin)

Question 16

Name a deficiency disease of iron

Answer 16

Anaemia (haemoglobin do not form)

Question 17

What is another name for platelets?

Answer 17

Thrombocytes

Question 18

Where are platelets made?

Answer 18

Red bone marrow from white blood cells (megacytes)

Question 19

Do platelets contain a nucleus?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 20

Clot blood (prevent blood loss and prevent entry of pathogens)

Question 21

Name a deficiency disease caused by a lack of platelets.

Answer 21

Haemophiliacs lack platelets (clotting agents)

Question 22

What is another name for white blood cells?

Answer 22

Leucocytes

Question 23

Where are white blood cells made?

Answer 23

In red bone marrow

Question 24

Describe the appearance of white blood cells

Answer 24

Larger than red blood cells
No shape and have a nucleus

Question 25

What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 25

Defend body against infection (pathogens - disease causing organism)

Question 26

Name the two different types of white blood cells

Answer 26

Monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes

Question 27

How do monocytes/ macrophages carry out their function?

Answer 27

Act as scavengers Digest pathogens by identifying an antigen on surface of pathogen.

Question 28

What is the name of the process where white blood cells engulf pathogens

Answer 28

Phagocytosis

Question 29

What is the function of lymphocytes?

Answer 29

Mature in lymph nodes (B lymphocytes) or thymes (T lymphocytes) produce antibodies (protein) in response to a pathogen

Question 30

How long do lymphocytes live for?

Answer 30

Days or years

Question 31

How is blood grouped?

Answer 31

Depending on presence or absence of glycoproteins found on surface of red blood cells

Question 32

What are glycoproteins made up of?

Answer 32

Carbohydrates and proteins

Question 33

What is the function of glycoproteins?

Answer 33

Act as antigens found on surface of red blood cells

Question 34

What are the four blood groups?

Answer 34

A, B, AB and O

Question 35

Which of the blood types is known as the Universal Donor?

Answer 35

Type O

Question 36

Which of the blood types is known as the Universal Recipient?

Answer 36

Type AB

Question 37

What does it mean if someone is RH+?

Answer 37

The glycoprotein, rhesus factor is present

Question 38

What is a risk that can occur if a RH- mother is pregnant a RH+ baby

Answer 38

Could damage red blood cells of developing baby (anaemia, stillborn)