blood grouping and haemolytic disease of new born Flashcards
erythrocytes
have genetically determined assortment of antigens = Agglutinogens
what happens if you have O blood
anti-A and anti-B antibodies but not A and B antigens
where is rhesus found
on 3 alleles
rhesus antibodies
not always present they can only occur if blood is exposed to rhesus positive blood
what happens if blood transfusion is incompatible
agglutination - an antibody-antigen response which causes clumping of RBCs
how to prescribe a blood transfusion
write red blood cells how many units - written separately over 2-3 hours for each unit IV sign
how to prescribe a blood transfusion
write red blood cells how many units - written separately over 2-3 hours for each unit IV sign
for a successful transfusion
match ABO and rhesus groups
for a blood transfusion
get cross match and group and save to match with transfusion blood
haemolytic transfusion reaction
Antibody-antigen reaction (agglutination) activates complement > plasma membrane of RBC becomes leaky > clumps form blockages in vessels and clots and haemolysis of RBC and release of haemoglobin . Acute kidney injury due to blocked nephrons
symptoms of haemolytic transfusion reaction
feeling of impending doom
back pain
burning at site of transfusion
itchy
blood typing
single drops of blood are mixed with different antibodies, if agglutination it corresponds to the antigen on the red cell.
what blood is the universal donor?
O negative
what blood is the universal recipient?
AB positive
when is there blood mixing between mother and fetus happen?
delivery
