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Anatomy > Bones & Movement Terminology of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

Bones & Movement Terminology of the Lower Limb Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

Area between greater trochanter and the iliac crest

A

Hip

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2
Q

Area between the greater trochanter and the knee

A

Thigh

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3
Q

Segment of the inferior limb between the knee and the ankle

A

Leg

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4
Q

How many bones are in the foot?

A

26

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5
Q

What are the three sections of bones in the foot?

A
  1. Tarsal Bones
  2. Metatarsal Bones
  3. Phalanges
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6
Q

How many tarsal bones are there?

A

7

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7
Q

How many metatarsal bones are there?

A

5

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8
Q

How many phalanges are there?

A

14

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9
Q

Dorsal Surface

A

Top of foot

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10
Q

Plantar Surface

A

Sole of foot

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11
Q

Most Proximal bone of the foot

A

Talus

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12
Q

What is the top of talus called?

A

Trochlea

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13
Q

Medial aspect of talus is the facet for?

A

Medial malleolus

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14
Q

Lateral aspect of the talus is the facet for?

A

Lateral malleolus

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15
Q

The body of the talus is what portion of the bone?

A

Posterior portion

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16
Q

The head of the talus is the most?

A

Anterior portion

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17
Q

Largest and strongest of the foot bones

A

Calcaneus

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18
Q

What part of the calcaneus contacts the ground?

A

Tuberosity

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19
Q

What are the processes called on the calcaneus?

A

Medial and lateral tubercle

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20
Q

Medially projecting shelf of the calcaneus that supports part of the talus

A

Sustentaculum tali

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21
Q

On the calcaneus what is the small tubercle anterior and inferior to the tip of the lateral malleolus

A

Fibular (peroneal) and trochlea (tubercle)

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22
Q

A hollow on the lateral aspect of the foot formed by the groove of the talus and the groove of the calcaneus

A

Sinus Tarsi

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23
Q

Navicular

A

-Medial aspect of foot
-Articulates posteriorly with the talus
-Articulates anteriorly with the 3 cuneiform’s

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24
Q

Cuniforms

A

-1st, 2nd, 3rd OR medial, intermediate, lateral
-They articulate with the numerically corresponding metatarsal

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25
Cuboid
-Lateral aspect of foot -Groove for peroneus longus tendon -Articulates anteriorly with the 4th and 5th metatarsals -Articulates posteriorly with the calcaneus
26
Metatarsals
- 1st. - 5th. -Base (Proximal end), Shaft, Head (distal end) -Tuberosity of the 5th is located on the lateral side of base 1st Mt - 2 Sesamoid bones
27
Bone embedded in a tendon
Sesamoid
28
Phalanges
-Total 14 -Base ( proximal end) -Head (distal end) -3 bones per toe except the 1st (only 2)
29
Hindfoot
Talus and Calcaneus
30
Midfooot
Navicular, cuboid, & 3 cuneiforms
31
Forefoot
5 MTs and 14 phalanges
32
Ball of Foot
Padded portion of the sole of the foot at the metatarsal heads
33
Dorsiflexion
Dorsal of the foot moves superiorly Foot up or bending knee over toe
34
What plane and axis is dorsiflexion
Sagittal Pane, M-L axis
35
Plantar Flexion
Plantar surface of the foot moves inferiorly Point toe or relever
36
What plane and axis is plantar flexion
Sagittal plane, M-L axis
37
Inversion
Movement of the sole of the foot towards the midsagittal plane
38
What plane and axis is inversion
Frontal plane, A-P axis
39
What plane and axis Eversion
Frontal plane, A-P axis
40
Eversion
Movement of the sole of the foot away from the midsagittal plane
41
Abduction of the forefoot
Movement of the forefoot away from the midline of the body
42
What plane and axis is abduction of the forefoot
Transverse plane, vertical axis
43
What plane and axis is adduction of the forefoot
Transverse plane, vertical axis
44
Adduction of the forefoot
Movement of the forefoot towards from the midline of the body
45
Pronation
A combination movement of dorsiflexion, eversion, forefoot abduction
46
Supination
Combination movement of plantar flexion, inversion, forefoot adduction
47
Tibia
-Shin Bone -Primary weight bearing bone in leg
48
Fibula
-Carries 1/6th body weight
49
Fibula (Anterior View)
-Apex -Head -Neck -Shaft -Interosseous border -lateral malleolus
50
Lateral Malleolus
Lateral projection of your ankle
51
Tibia (Anterior View)
- Lateral Condyle -Intercondylar Eminence -Medial Condyle -Medial and lateral condyles articulate with the femoral condyles -Shaft -Interosseous border -Medial Malleolus
52
Gerdy's Tubricle (Lateral Tibial Tubercle)
Large prominence lateral and superior to the tibial tuberosity
53
Tibia (Posterior View)
-Lateral Condyle -Intercondylar Eminence -Medial Condyle -Shaft -Interosseous Border -Medial Malleolus -Soleal Line
54
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
Head of fibula articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia -Flat oval/circular facet on the fibular head which articulates with a similar facet on the tibia -Synovial -Plane
55
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Movements (Dorsiflexion)
Limited superior and posterior glide
56
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Movements (Plantar Flexion)
Limited inferior and anterior glide
57
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Ligament Attaches (Anterior Ligament of the Fibularhead)
Anterior proximal tibia to anterior proximal fibula
58
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Ligament Attaches (Posterior Ligament of the Fibularhead)
Posterior proximal tibia to posterior proximal fibula
59
Distal Tibiofibular Joint
-Distal end of fibula articulates with the distal end of the tibia -Fibrous
60
Interosseous Membrane
Strong connective tissue between the tibia and the fibula which thickens at the distal end
61
Distal Tibiofibular Joint Attaches (Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament)
Anterior distal tibia to anterior distal fibula
62
Distal Tibiofibular Joint Attaches (Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament)
Posterior distal tibia to posterior distal fibula
63
Talocrural Joint
-Distal end of the tibia and fibula articulate with the trochlea of the talus -Synovial -Hinge
64
Talocrural Joint Movements
Only dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
65
Deltoid Ligament
-Four Ligaments (anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, posterior tibiotalar) -Attaches: Medial malleolus to tarsal bones of the medial foot -Checks: Eversion of the ankle -Very strong ligament and focused attachment point on the medial malleolus can lead to an avulsion fracture
66
Anterior Fibres of the Deltoid Ligament
Eversion with Plantar Flexion
67
Posterior Fibres of the Deltoid Ligament
Eversion with Dorsiflexion
68
Vertical Fibres
Eversion in Neutral
69
ATFL
Inversion with Plantar Flexion
70
Calcaneofibular of the Deltoid Ligament
Inversion in Neutral
71
Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATFL)
-Attaches: Lateral Malleolus to Neck of the Talus -Checks/Restricts: Inversion -Palpated through sinus tarsi -Most commonly injured ligament in the foot
72
Calcaneofibular Ligament
Attaches: Lateral Malleolus to Lateral Calcaneus Checks: Inversion
73
Subcutaneous Calcaneal
Between the achilles tendon and the overlying skin
74
Subtendinous Calcaneal
Between the achilles tendon and the calcaneus
75
Subtalar Joint
-Inferior aspect of the talus articulates with the superior calcaneus -Synovial -Plane
76
Subtalar Joint Movements
-Inversion -Eversion
77
Talocalcaneonavicular Joint
-Articulation between talus calcaneus and navicular joint -synovial -ball and socket -helps increase inversion/eversion range

Anatomy (22 decks)

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