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brain 2 Flashcards

1
Q

on what side is the wernicke’s area

A

only on the left side

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2
Q

what is the wernicke’s area

A

in the parietal lobe
general interpretive area
(interprets the meaning of speech)

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3
Q

are pts with wernicke’s area issues frustrated?

A

NO! they just think nobody else understands them

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4
Q

what areas are located in the temporal lobe

A

primary olfactory area **
primary auditory area
also wernicke’s area on L

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5
Q

what area is in the occipital lobe

A

primary visual
“I have eyes on the back of my head”

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6
Q

what area is in the insula

A

additional area of gustation

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7
Q

where does the diencephalon sit

A

on top of the brain stem

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8
Q

what are the major structures of the dienceohalon

A

epithalamus
thalamus (80%)
hypothalamus

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9
Q

what does the diencephalon surround

A

the 3rd ventircle

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10
Q

what does the thalamus do

A

acts as a relay station
transmits info from cerebellum to primary motor area

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11
Q

what does the hypothalamus do (6)

A
  • controls ANS
  • coordinates nervous and endocrine systems
  • controls body temp
  • regulates hunger/thirst
  • reg circadian rhythm
  • reg emotional and behaviour patterns
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12
Q

what projects from the hypothalamus

A

the hypophysis (pituitary gland)

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13
Q

whats another word for pituitary

A

hypophysis

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14
Q

the epithalamus is (sup/inf) and (ant/post) to the thalamus

A

superior and posterior

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15
Q

what does the pineal gland secrete

A

melatonin

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16
Q

what do habenular nuclei do

A

(emotionally) respond to odours

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17
Q

when do see a pineal gland on a CT?

A

when it is calcified (very normal)

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18
Q

where is the limbic system

A

upper brain stem
inner cerebrum
floor of diencephalon

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19
Q

the limbic system is also known as what

A

emotional brain

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20
Q

what 2 major things does the limbic system do

A

memory storage and retrieval
motivation

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21
Q

what passes through the midbrain

A

cerebral aqueduct
connecting 3rd and 4th vetricles

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22
Q

what 2 cranial nerves are associated with the midbrain

A

III and IV (NOT I and II)

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23
Q

the pons is anterior to what

A

4th ventricle

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24
Q

what cranial nerves are associated with the pons (4)

A

V, VI, VII, VIII

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25
the medulla oblongata contains external bulges, called what
pyramids
26
what do the pyramids in the medulla oblongata do
largest motor and sensory tratcs
27
why do R strokes cause L side body symptoms?
the decussation of the pyramids (crosses over)
28
what are the functions of the grey matter in the medulla oblongata
- adjusts heartbeat - blood vessel diameter - control breathing reflex centers
29
which cranial nerves are associated with the brain stem
III to XII
30
the cerebellum occupies what
posterior cranial fossa
31
what increases the SA of the cerebellum
folia
32
what are folia
long, parallel folds
33
the folia and cerebellar nuclei are in the (gray/white) matter of the cerebellum
gray!
34
what does the cerebellum do
- regulates posture and balance - smooths and coordinates contractions of skeletal muscles - skilled muscular activities - may role in cognition and language processing
35
what is ataxia
loss of ability to coordinate movements MS, parkinson's, tumours and ALCOHOL
36
loss of coordination, MS, parkinson's, tumours, ALCOHOL can all cause what
ataxia
37
how many pairs of cranial nerves are there
12
38
the cranial nerves are part of the ...
PNS
39
what does cranial nerve numbers indicate
order they arise from the brain, ant to post
40
what is the pneumonic for the cranial nerve functions
some say marry money, but my brother says big brains matter most
41
what is nerve I
olfactory
42
what does olfactory I do
smell!
43
what is nerve II
optic
44
what does optic II do
vision
45
where does the olfactory I go through
passes through the olfactory foramina of the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
46
what is the pathe from the retina to the visual cortex (7)
retina, optic foramen, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, thalamus, visual cortex
47
what is the mnemonic for cranial nerve names
oh, oh, oh, to touch and feel very good velvet, so heavenly
48
between the eyes and optic chiasm is what
the optic nerve ONLY
49
what is nerve III
oculomotor
50
what is nerve IV
trochlear nerve
51
CN III, IV, and VI do what
control eye movement
52
what is nerve V
trigeminal
53
CN III, IV, and VI pass through what
the superior orbital fissure
54
what number is the trigeminal nerve
V
55
what is the V nerve
trigeminal
56
what are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal (V) nerve
opthalmic -suporbfiss maxillary - rotundum mandibular - ovale
57
the sensory nerve controls which divisions of the trigeminal nerve
all three
58
what is V1
opthalmic
59
what is V 2
maxillary
60
What is V3
mandibular
61
what division of the trigeminal nerve is motor
mandibular ONLY
62
what does V1 pass through
opthalmic superior orbital fissure
63
what does V2 pass through
maxillary foramen rotundum
64
what does V3 pass through
mandibular foramen ovale
65
is the abducens nerve sensory or motor
motor
66
is the facial nerve sensory or motor
mixed
67
what is special about the motor component of cranial nerve VII
innervates ALL muscles of facial expression
68
from where does VII receive sensory information
anterior 2/3 of tingue
69
what is nerve VII
facial nerve
70
what is nerve VIII
vestibuolocochlear nerve
71
what are the two components of nerve VIII and their meanings
vestibular; equilibrium and balance cochlear - sense of hearing, input from spiral organ
72
what are the 3 bones of the middle ear
scapes incus malleus
73
what does the vestibular cochlear nerve pass through
the EAM
74
what image best Dems the vestibuolocochlear nerve
the ruggles method OML (orbital-meatal line) is perpendicular to the bucky
75
what is the best method to demonstrate a choclear implant? (2 images)
the ruggles method collimated view of the lateral
76
what is nerve IX
glossopharangeal
77
what number is the glossopharangeal nerve
IX
78
from where does nerve IX receive sensory information
taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue
79
what does nerve IX do
taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue
80
what is the vagus nerve
critical component of the parasympathetic nervous system
81
what is nerve X
vagus
82
what number is the vagus nerve
X
83
parasympathetic system does what
rest and digest
84
sympathetic system does what
fight or flight
85
what does the vagus nerve do (2 fns)
lowers heart rate and BP increases digestive processes
86
what is the longest cranial nerve
X - vagus nerve
87
what is nerve XI
accessory nerve
88
what does the accessory nerve do
innervates pharynx and larynx (swallowing) innervates moving head.neck/shoulder
89
what is nerve XII
hypoglossal nerve
90
what number is the hypoglossal nerve
XII
91
what does the hypoglossal nerve do
innervates intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue
92
which is the olfactory bulb
93
which is olfactory tract
94
where is the optic nerve
95
which is the infundibulum
96
where does the olfactory tract go EEXAM Q
97
where is the optic chiasm
98
which is the trochlear
99
where does the optical tracrt go
thalamus, then the occipital lobe, then visual cortex
100
what is labelled on the DOT of the trigeminal nerve label
the SENSORY part (has all 3 divisions)
101
(top down) what is 1
sulcus
102
(top down) what is 2
gyrus (goes out)
103
(top down) what is 3
thalamus (or third ventricle)
104
(top down) what is 4
midbrain
105
(top down) what is 5
pons
106
(top down) what is 6
cerebellum
107
(top down) what is 7
fourth ventricle
108
(top down) what is 8
medulla obongata
109
(top down) what is 9
spinal cord
110
olfactory tract ends up where
olfactory centre in the ( answer: temporal lobe)
111
where does the optic nerve pass through?
through the optic foramen in the lesser wing of the sphenoid

anatomy 2 (13 decks)

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