Brain

Question 1

Dentrite

Answer 1

Pick up messages from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Brain of the cell.

Determines what the function of the cell is going to be

Question 3

Neurotransmitter

Answer 3

Chemical messenger
Released from the terminal
Plugs into receptor on opposite side of dentrite

Question 4

Receptor

Answer 4

Activated when a neurotransmitter is plugged into it.

Pores open once activated allowing positive ions and and the creation of an action potential

Question 5

5 steps for nerve cell communication

Answer 5

1. ) stimulus comes in tact with nerve cell and causes depolarization which causes the signal to be released
2. ) the signal goes through the axon to the terminal button
3. ) the signal tells the vesicle to open and release the neurotransmitter
4. ) the neurotransmitter crosses the synapse and connects to the next receptor on the next andrite
5. ) repeat

Question 6

Resting potential

Answer 6

More negative ions inside

Causes electrical charge to build

Question 7

Polarization

Answer 7

Ions at rest

Question 8

Sensory neuron

Answer 8

Afferent

Question 9

Motor neuron

Answer 9

Efferent

Question 10

Interneuron

Answer 10

Connects neurons and carries messages from one neuron to another

Question 11

Threshold of excitation

Answer 11

Level of stimulation necessary to fire neutron

Question 12

Absolute refractory period

Answer 12

The rest time immediately following an action potential in which a neuron can’t fire, no matter how strong the stimulus is

Question 13

Relative refractory period

Answer 13

The time before cell is polarized

Can fire if stimulus is strong enough

Question 14

Excitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 14

Agonist-make a neuron more likely to fire

Question 15

Acetylcholine

Answer 15

Helps muscle action, memory, and learning

Question 16

Norepinephrine

Answer 16

Helps control alertness and arousal

Question 17

Inhibitory Neurotransmitter

Answer 17

Antagonist- makes neuron less likely to fire

Question 18

Dopamine

Answer 18

Influences movement learning, attention, and emotion

Question 19

Endorphins

Answer 19

Brains natural pain killer
Prevents firing the “pain” message
Narcotics are similar

Question 20

Plasticity

Answer 20

Ability of the brain to form connections
More or less dendrites created
Critical period- brain more plastic to get ability
More experience=more connections

Question 21

Central nervous system - perpetual nervous system

Answer 21

Receives the message from the CNS
Extends from spinal chord
Divided into somatic and autonomic systems