Brain Basics

Question 1

Biggest part of brain

Answer 1

Cerebrum

Question 2

A bridge between the cerebral hemispheres and is called the ____

Answer 2

corpus callosum

Question 3

The surface of the cerebrum is
a deeply folded layer of nerve tissue
called the ____

Answer 3

cerebral cortex

Question 4

creates space in this surface layer for more neurons, which increase
the brain’s processing power.

Answer 4

cerebral cortex

Question 5

Parts of these lobes coordinate voluntary movements and speech, memory and emotion, higher cognitive skills like planning and problem-solving, and
many aspects of personality.

Answer 5

frontal

Question 6

They integrate sensory signals from the skin, process
taste, and process some types of
visual information.

Answer 6

Parietal

Question 7

They process visual
information and are responsible for
recognizing colors and shapes and
integrating them into complex
visual understanding.

Answer 7

occipital

Question 8

They carry out some visual processing and interpret auditory information.

Answer 8

temporal

Question 9

Where is the hippocampus and amygdala located?

Answer 9

temporal lobe

Question 10

Consists of curved structures lying beneath the cerebral cortex; it
is a region of the temporal lobes that encodes new memories.

Answer 10

The hippocampus

Question 11

Purpose of amygdala

Answer 11

emotion and memory integration

Question 12

a group of structures deep within the brain that help regulate our emotion and
motivation.

Answer 12

limbic system

Question 13

parts of limbic system

Answer 13

amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, cingulate gyrus

Question 14

integrates sensory information and
relays it to other parts of the brain

Answer 14

thalamus

Question 15

sends hormonal signals to the rest of the body through the pituitary gland.

Answer 15

hypothalamus

Question 16

includes distinct groups of neurons that coordinate eye movements like blinking and focusing, and trigger reflexes to sounds.

Answer 16

midbrain

Question 17

inhibit unwanted
body movements and help coordinate
sensory input and motor output to
manage the fine motor control that
enables you to write with a pen or play
a musical instrument

Answer 17

midbrain

Question 18

helps regulate complex
body movements.

Answer 18

basal ganglia

Question 19

plays roles in glucose regulation and sleep and includes several regions that help control movement.

Answer 19

hindbrain

Question 20

tucked underneath the occipital lobe at the very back of the brain, is the second-largest
part of the brain in volume, containing over half the brain’s neurons.

Answer 20

cerebellum

Question 21

influences breathing and posture.

Answer 21

pons

Question 22

carries nerve pathways connecting the brain to the spinal cord
and contains neural networks that help control basic functions like swallowing, heart rate, and breathing.

Answer 22

medulla

Question 23

The earliest vertebrates probably had brains much
like the one in the modern lancelet
Amphioxus

Answer 23

.

Question 24

Information moves from one region of your brain to
another via chains of ____ that can transmit signals over long dis-
tances.

Answer 24

neurons

Question 25

electroencephalograph (EEG).

Answer 25

measures electrical patterns in the brain

Question 26

originate mainly in the parietal and occipital lobes when your brain is relaxed and eyes are closed, and are characterized by frequencies between 8 and 13 Hz

Answer 26

Alpha waves

Question 27

are somewhat faster than alpha waves, with frequencies ranging from 14 to 30 Hz. Beta waves are typically produced by the frontal and parietal regions of your brain when it processes sensory input or concentrates on a task.

Answer 27

Beta Waves

Question 28

Are slower than alpha waves, ranging from 4 to 7 Hz,

Answer 28

Theta Waves

Question 29

which occur during deep sleep, are very slow, with frequencies less than 3.5 Hz.

Answer 29

delta waves

Question 30

_____waves are typically of higher amplitude (stronger) than _____ waves

Answer 30

Alpha and delta / beta or theta

Question 31

part of a feedback loop that takes information from cortical areas that elicit movement and produces signals that feed back to the cortex to excite or inhibit specific movements.

Answer 31

Basal ganglia