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Flashcards in Brain Parts Deck (16)
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1
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Brain stem
Sensory and motor tracts between brain and spinal cord
Regulates: heart rate and force, vomiting, hiccuping, sneezing, coughing, cerebellum activities, nuclei for taste, audition, and equilibrium

2
Q

Pons

A

Brain stem
Connects R and L sides of brain, ascending sensory and descending motor tracts
Pneumotaxic and apneustic area: help control breathing

3
Q

Midbrain (mesencephalon)

A

Brain stem
From pons to diencephalon
Has aqueduct that goes from midbrain to third ventricle
Has axons that go from motor areas in cerebral cortex to spinal cord, medulla and pons
Tectum: reflex centre for visual activities
Interior colliculi: pathway from inner ear to brain
Substantia nigra: release dopamine and help control subconscious muscle activities
Red nuclei: help control muscular movements

4
Q

Reticular formation

A

Brain stem
Reticular activating system: sensory axons that project to cerebral cortex directly or through thalamus
Visual and auditory stimuli, mental activities, pain, touch, pressure receptors, arousal, attention, helps regulate muscle tone through cerebellum and spinal,
Inactivation produces sleep
No smell receptors

5
Q

Cerebellum

A

Inferior posterior aspect of cranial cavity
Folded Gray matter
Evaluates how well initiated movements are being carried out
Detects discrepancies in movement
Sends feedback to motor areas of cerebral cortex through thalamus
Feedback helps correct errors, smooth movements and coordinate
Regulates posture and balance
May be involved in language and cognition

6
Q

Dicephalon

A

Central core
Sensory and motor processing between higher and lower brain centres
Thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, pineal gland

7
Q

Thalamus

A

Emotions, learning memory cognition, movement control, somatic senses, hearing, arousal and integration of motor info, olfaction,
Monitors,nailers and integrates activities of thalamic nuclei

8
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Relay reflexes of smell, taste and vision
Reg. Autonomic activities
Monitors blood pressure, glucose, hormone concentration and blood temp
Connects to pituitary
Controls ANS
Connects with parasympathetic and parasympathetic nuclei
Produce hormones
Regulation of emotions and behaviour
Reg of eating and drinking
Reg. Circadian rhythms

9
Q

Epithalamus

A

Pineal gland: secretes melatonin

Habenular nuclei: olfaction emotional response to ordours

10
Q

The cerebrum

A

Read, write, speak, calculations, creativity

Cerebral cortex

11
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Sensory, motor, association areas
Cerebral white mater
Basal nuclei
Limbic system

12
Q

Cerebral white mater

A

Association tract: impulses between gyri of same hemisphere
Commisural tract: cross hemispheres (corpus callosum, anterior commissure, posterior commissure)
Projection tract: from cerebrum to lower parts of CNS

13
Q

Basal nuclei

A

Initiation and termination of body movements
Regulates muscle tone
Sub conscious movements
Initiate and terminate cognitive functions

14
Q

Limbic system

A

Emotional brain
Pain, pleasure, docility, affection, anger , fear
Olfaction and memory

15
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A
Intellect
Learning
Judgement
Reasoning
Intuition
Mood 
Planning
16
Q

Brain stem

A

Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, reticular formation