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Breeds & Types Flashcards

1
Q

What is a horse called that is unregistered and has unknown ancestry?

A

A grade horse

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 137)

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1
Q

What breed of horse is native to the Ozarks in Missouri?

A

Missouri Fox Trotter

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 125)

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2
Q

Name two breeds of draft horses that are commonly seen with feathered legs.

A

Clydesdale & Shire

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 72)

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3
Q

What breed of horse has 5 lumbar and 17 thoracic vertebrae?

A

Spanish-Barb

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 140)

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4
Q

The American Paint Horse Association is devoted strictly to stock horses and bases its registry on the blood of what 3 breeds?

A

American Paint Horse, American Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 130)

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5
Q

Why was the American Paint Horse Association formed?

A

The American Quarter Horse Association refused to register spotted horses.

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 48)

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6
Q

What is the most common horse breed in the US?

A

The American Quarter Horse

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 137)

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7
Q

What pony breed is used almost entirely for showing in harness classes?

A

Hackney Pony

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 63)

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8
Q

Which draft horse breed has registered more per year than all other draft breeds combined?

A

Belgian

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 69)

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9
Q

Which breed is known as the Prince of Ponies?

A

Hackney

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

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10
Q

What does cold-blooded refer to?

A

A horse of draft horse breeding

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 69 / Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56 / Equine Science, Griffiths, p. 24 / Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 61)

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11
Q

What is the most common color of the Quarter Horse?

A

Sorrel

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 168B-1)

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12
Q

Name 5 breeds that originated in the U.S.

A

Morgan, American Quarter Horse, Tennessee Walking Horse, American Saddlebred, American Bashkir Curly, POA

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 23, 36-37, 41, 57, 59)

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13
Q

A horse under 14.2 hands is called what?

A

A pony

(Source: Eqiune Science, Griffiths, p. 20 / Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 217 / Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 526)

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14
Q

What breed cannot be taller than 34 inches at the withers to be registered?

A

American Miniature Horse

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 160B-1)

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15
Q

The 5 major draft breeds in the United States were developed in Europe; name 3 of them and the country of origin.

A

Belgian - Belgium; Percheron - France; Clydesdale - Scotland; Shire and Suffolk - England

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 155-159)

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16
Q

What is recognized as the universal birth date for many breeds?

A

January 1

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 910-5)

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17
Q

What do you call a horse that was domesticated and then became wild?

A

Feral

(Source: Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 106)

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18
Q

HYPP generally affects what popular horse breed?

A

Quarter Horses

(Source: Equine Science, Griffiths, p. 98)

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19
Q

What is a Morab?

A

Cross between a Morgan and Arabian

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 45)

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20
Q

What is the distinguishing characteristic of the Bashkir Curly?

A

It has a curly coat

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 57)

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21
Q

Where did the POA originate?

A

Mason City, Iowa

(Source: THe Horse, Evans, p. 59)

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22
Q

Who was the first breeder of mules in North America?

A

George Washington

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 77)

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23
Q

What terms are used to describe the male ass and female ass?

A

Male - Jack

Female - Jennet

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 75 / Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 160)

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24
Q

What is the scientific name for a modern horse?

A

Equus Caballus

(Source: Equine Science, Griffiths, p. 15)

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25
Q

What breed of horse is always bay?

A

Cleveland Bay

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 115)

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26
Q

What breed is prone to Equine Night Blindness or ENB?

A

Appaloosas

(Source: Equine Science, Griffiths, p. 100)

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27
Q

Is there such a thing as an albino in the horse world? Why or why not.

A

No, an albino has solid pink eyes; white horses have colored eyes

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 53)

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28
Q

At what age do Thoroughbred horses compete for the Triple Crown?

A

Three

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 22)

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29
Q

Where did the Jutland breed originate?

A

Denmark

(Source: Illustrated Dicionary of Equine Terms, p. 159)

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30
Q

Name two breeds of horses tha are named after different states in the U.S.A.

A

Tennessee Walking Horse, Colorado Ranger/Rangerbred horse, Missouri Fox Trotter

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 40, 41, 58)

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31
Q

Name the horse breed developed by crossing Arabian and Saddlebred horses.

A

National Show Horse

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 128)

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32
Q

There are many breeds of ponies. Name four.

A

American Walking Pony, Hackney, Americana, POA, Connemara, American Quarter Pony, Shetland, Trottingbred, Walking Pony, Welsh

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 58-67)

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33
Q

What is the name of the breed of horse that is registered for its “golden” color?

A

Palomino

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 49)

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34
Q

What are the 3 distinctive characteristics required of all Appaloosas?

A
  1. The eye must be encircled with white, 2. The skin must be mottled, 3. The hooves must be vertically striped in black and white

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 32)

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35
Q

What is a grade horse?

A

A horse of unknown ancestry

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56 / Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 520)

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36
Q

Which state was the home of the first imported Belgian?

A

Illinois

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 155)

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37
Q

The stallion “Eclipse” is claimed to be the progenitor of 90% of which horse breed?

A

Thoroughbred

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 21)

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38
Q

Who was the holder of the first permanent registration number in the AQHA?

A

Wimpy P-1

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 27)

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39
Q

Where did the Welsh Pony originate?

A

Wales

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

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40
Q

What horse originated in the Shetland Isles?

A

Shetland Pony

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 58)

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41
Q

Where did the Thoroughbred originate?

A

England

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 173B-1)

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42
Q

What breed was developed by the Nez Perce Indians?

A

Appaloosa

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 152B-1)

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43
Q

Where did the Quarter Horse originate?

A

United States (traces to the 1600s along Eastern sea coast of the New World)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 23 / AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 168B-1)

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44
Q

Where in the U.S. did the Tennessee Walker originate?

A

Tennessee

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 40)

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45
Q

What 2 pony breeds were crossed to produce the Americana Breed?

A

Shetland and Hackney

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 66)

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46
Q

The eye encircled with white, mottled skin and white, vertically striped hooves are characteristics setting this breed apart. What is the breed?

A

Appaloosa

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 32)

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47
Q

Which draft breed is generally the tallest?

A

Shire

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 72)

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48
Q

Which breed of draft horse is known as the breed of black and greys?

A

Percheron

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 69)

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49
Q

What draft breed is only chestnut in color?

A

Suffolk

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 159)

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50
Q

What breed must be the color of a newly minted gold coin or three shades lighter or darker, with a light colored mane and tail?

A

Palomino

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 131)

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51
Q

Name two breeds of the “native horse”.

A

Chickasaw, American Indian Horse, Spanish Mustang, Spanish-Barb, American Mustang, American Bashkir Curly, Rangerbred Horse

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 55-58)

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52
Q

Name the breed of small sturdy horses that have been imported from Mexico since 1959.

A

Galiceno

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 45)

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53
Q

What are the 2 racing gaits of the Standardbred?

A

Trot & Pace

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 29)

54
Q

What are the disqualifications for registration of Welsh ponies?

A

Spotted patterns on body

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

55
Q

What is the oldest purebred breed and foundation of all light horse breeds?

A

Arabian

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 17)

56
Q

What is the primary use of the POA?

A

Children’s mounts

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61 / Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 136)

57
Q

What is feathering?

A

Long, silky hair on the lower legs

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 72)

58
Q

Where did the Bashkir Curly originate?

A

The Ural Mountains in Russia

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 57)

59
Q

How many major draft breeds are found in the United States?

A

5

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 68)

60
Q

What is the main use of the Hackney Pony?

A

Driving

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

61
Q

Which species of wild horses is native to Eastern Asia near the Mongolian border?

A

Przewalski Horse

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 7)

62
Q

What is a broom-tail?

A

Heavy, coarse tail

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 83)

63
Q

Referring to horse breeds, what do the letters POA stand for?

A

Pony of the Americas

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

64
Q

What does hot-blooded refer to?

A

A horse of eastern or oriental blood

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 69)

65
Q

What is a crossbred?

A

One that has at least one registered parent and are usually crosses between two breeds

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 137)

66
Q

What are the colors of the Welsh Pony?

A

Any except piebald & skewbald

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

67
Q

What is a written record of an animal’s ancestry that is issued by the registry association?

A

Registration Certificate

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 58)

68
Q

What is a written record of an animal’s ancestry that may or may not be used to refer to a registration certificate?

A

Pedigree

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 138 / Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

69
Q

Name a breed used as a foundation for developing many modern breeds.

A

Arabian OR Thoroughbred OR Morgan

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 17 & 20)

70
Q

Who were the first breeders of Arabians?

A

Arabian tribesmen

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

71
Q

Where did the Arabian horse originate?

A

Arabia

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 153B-1 / Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

72
Q

What breed has its’ headquarters in Moscow, Idaho?

A

Appaloosa

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 152B-2 / Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

73
Q

What color skin does the Arabian always have?

A

Dark

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

74
Q

Where did the Connemara originate?

A

Ireland (county Galway)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 65)

75
Q

Which draft breed is famous for being used in multi-horse hitches - especially one advertising a brewery?

A

Clydesdale

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 70)

76
Q

What are the colors of the Shetland Pony?

A

All colors - solid & broken

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 59)

77
Q

Where did the American Saddle Horse originate?

A

US (Virginia, Carolinas, Ohio, Missouri, Tennessee & specifically Kentucky)

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 58)

78
Q

What is one of the primary uses of the Shetland Pony?

A

Children’s mounts, harness ponies

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 59)

79
Q

What is a distinguising characteristic of the Shetland Pony?

A

Small size

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 58)

80
Q

Where did the Morgan originate?

A

US - New England states

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

81
Q

Which breed nods the head in rhythm with his walk?

A

Tennessee walker

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 172B-1)

82
Q

What is the maximum height of the American Miniature Horse?

A

34 inches

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 160B-1)

83
Q

What is the term for an individual horse whose parents are recorded in the same registry association?

A

Purebred

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 137)

84
Q

Which breed s represented by the breed association known as the Jockey Club?

A

Thoroughbred

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 173B-1)

85
Q

Which breed is the only one named after a horse and what is the horse’s name?

A

The Morgan, Justin Morgan

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 36)

86
Q

Which breed is used primarily for harness racing?

A

Standardbred

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 171B-1)

87
Q

Which breed of pony is colored similar to an Appaloosa?

A

POA

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

88
Q

What horse has a natural overstride?

A

Tennessee Walker

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 40)

89
Q

Which breed does the US Trotting Association represent?

A

Standardbred

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 171B-1)

90
Q

The owner of the mare at the time of breeding is called what?

A

Breeder

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

91
Q

What is the term for a group of animals within a breed, all of which trace directly to a common ancestor?

A

Family

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

92
Q

Which breed was developed from small English & Dutch mine horses?

A

Miniature Horse

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

93
Q

What is a combination horse?

A

One used for saddle & driving

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 40)

94
Q

What is the term for a horse ridden to a hunt meet?

A

Hack

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 40)

95
Q

Which breed excels in distance riding?

A

Arabian

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 65)

96
Q

What are the colors of the Percheron?

A

Black & gray

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 69)

97
Q

How many colors does the American Quarter Horse recognize?

A

13

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 59)

98
Q

What are the colors of the American Saddlebred horse?

A

No color restrictions (dark colors preferred)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 39 / AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 169B-1 / Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 59)

99
Q

Predominant color of Standardbreds are which color?

A

Bay

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 31)

100
Q

What do the Darley Arabian, Byerly Turk & Godolphin Barb (Arabian) have in common?

A

Foundation sires of the Thoroughbred

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 21)

101
Q

What is the average height of a Quarter Horse?

A

15 hands

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 168B-1)

102
Q

Which breed excels in dressage, polo, jumping & cross country?

A

Thoroughbred

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 173B-2)

103
Q

Describe a leopard Appaloosa.

A

White horse with colored spots on the body & Appaloosa characteristics

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 34)

104
Q

Which breed originated in County Galway, Ireland?

A

Connemara

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 65)

105
Q

Connemaras are noted for what?

A

Jumping ability

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 65)

106
Q

Which breed is noted for its “cow sense”?

A

Quarter Horse

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 168B-1)

107
Q

What is the predominant color of the Belgian?

A

Sorrel with flaxen mane & tail

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 69)

108
Q

What is the most common color of the Shire?

A

Black

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 72)

109
Q

What is a burro?

A

Small, feral donkey of North America & South America OR Spanish term for donkey

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 78)

110
Q

The burro’s ancestors came to North America with whom?

A

Spanish expeditions

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 78)

111
Q

The breed description of a palomino describes the ideal color to be what?

A

The color of a newly minted gold coin

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 49)

112
Q

What is the height limit for a Shetland Pony?

A

46 inches (11.2 hands)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 58)

113
Q

What is a group of horses having common origin & possessing certain traits that are passed on to their offspring?

A

Breed

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 137)

114
Q

What do you call characteristics of a breed that distinguish it from other breeds?

A

Breed character

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 56)

115
Q

What is the height range of the POA?

A

46-56 inches (11.2-14 hands)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

116
Q

What is the height range of the Connemara Pony?

A

13 to 14.2 hands (Irish horses have remained pony sized - some in the US are now being bred over 15 hands)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 66)

117
Q

What is the height range of the Arabian?

A

14.1 to 15.1 hands

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 17)

118
Q

How much does an average Miniature Horse foal weigh at birth?

A

15-30 pounds

119
Q

What is the average height for a newbown Miniature Horse?

A

18 inches

120
Q

What is the measure of performance for the racing Thoroughbred?

A

Stopwatch

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 21)

121
Q

Where are the headquarers of the American White Horse (formerly the American Albino Club)?

A

Naper, Nebraska

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 53)

122
Q

What is the most common color of the Hackney?

A

Bay (some also black, brown & chestnut)

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 64)

123
Q

What colors are ineligible for registration in the Connemara breed?

A

Spotted or blue-eyed cremes

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 66)

124
Q

What is the small pony breed from Argentina which is noted for excellant conformation and extremely small size?

A

Falabella

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 67)

125
Q

Which draft breed is a descendent of the English Great Horse?

A

Shire

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 72)

126
Q

Which draft breed is a descendant of the Great Horse of Flanders?

A

Belgian

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 68)

127
Q

What is the main use of the Mammoth Jack?

A

Crossbreeding with horses to produce mules

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 77)

128
Q

What is the term for a Standardbred that races with a diagonal gait?

A

Trotter

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 29)

129
Q

Which horse typically races the slowest, a Thoroughbred, Trotter or Pacer?

A

Trotter

(Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 88-89)

130
Q

Name a breed developed from the need for a comfortable, ground-covering, smooth-gaited riding & driving horse?

A

American Saddle Horse, Tennessee Walking Horse, Missouri Fox Trotter

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 37-42)

131
Q

Which breed is world famous because of their connection with the Spanish Riding School?

A

Lippizan

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 159B-1)

132
Q

What is the predominant color of the Lippizan?

A

Grey

(Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 159B-1)

133
Q

What is the most frequent color of the Welsh Mountain Pony?

A

Gray

(Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 61)

Horse bowl (48 decks)

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