Brooke The Constitution

Question 1

Crispus Attucks

Answer 1

Crispus Attucks ( c. 1723 – March 5, 1770) was an American stevedore of African and Native American descent, widely regarded as the first person killed in the Boston massacre and thus the first American killed in the American Revolution.

Question 2

Critical Period

Answer 2

refers to the 1780s, a time right after the American Revolution where the future of the newly formed nation was in the balance.

Question 3

Declaration of Independence

Answer 3

a 1776 document stating that the 13 English colonies were a free and independent nation

Question 4

Electoral College

Answer 4

a group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president

Question 5

Enumerated Powers

Answer 5

specific powers granted to congress under Article I, section 8, of the constitution; these powers include taxation, coinage of money, regulation of commerce, and the authority to provide for a national defense.

Question 6

Federalism

Answer 6

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituant political units.

Question 7

Federalist

Answer 7

supporters of the stronger central govt. who advocated the ratification of the new constitution

Question 8

The Federalist Papers

Answer 8

This collection of essays by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison, explained the importance of a strong central government. It was published to convince New York to ratify the Constitution.

Question 9

First Continental Congress

Answer 9

the legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution

Question 10

French and Indian War

Answer 10

War began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over subsequent frontier policy and paying the war’s expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American Revolution.

Question 11

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Answer 11

Section of Article IV of the constitution that ensure judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state.

Question 12

George Washington

Answer 12

The first president of the United States, and the commanding general of the victorious American army in the Revolutionary War. The best known of the Founding Fathers.

Question 13

Great Compromise

Answer 13

A state’s representation in the House of Representation would be based on population; Two senators for each state; all bills would originate in the house; direct taxes on states were to be assessed according to population

Question 14

Implied powers

Answer 14

powers derived from enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause. These powers are not stated specifically but are considered to be reasonably implied through the exercise of the delegated powers

Question 15

Inherent powers

Answer 15

hose powers that Congress and the president need in order to get the job done right. Although not specified in the Constitution, they are reasonable powers that are a logical part of the powers delegated to Congress and the president.

Question 16

James Madison

Answer 16

James Madison wrote the first drafts of the U.S. Constitution, co-wrote the Federalist Papers and sponsored the Bill of Rights. He established the Democrat-Republican Party with President Thomas Jefferson, and became president himself in 1808.

Question 17

John Jay

Answer 17

An important American statesman and a Founding Father of the United States. He served in a variety of capacities throughout his lifetime, but is most commonly known for being the first Chief Justice of the United States.

Question 18

Lexington and Concord

Answer 18

First battles of the Revolutionary War. These battles happened in April of 1775.

Question 19

Mercantilism

Answer 19

Economic system aimed at self-reliance and strengthening the national economy by accumulating bullion, gaining colonies, and establishing a favorable balance of trade.

Question 20

Montesquieu

Answer 20

French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755).

Question 21

Necessary and Proper Clause

Answer 21

A section of the United States Constitution that enables Congress to make the laws required for the exercise of its other powers established by the Constitution.

Question 22

New Jersey Plan

Answer 22

The Plan called for each state to have one vote in Congress instead of the number of votes being based on population.

Question 23

New World

Answer 23

One of the names used for the majority of Earth’s Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas

Question 24

Political Culture

Answer 24

Widely shared beliefs, values, and norms that define the relationship between citizens and government, and citizens to one another.

Question 25

Samuel Adams

Answer 25

A strong opponent of British taxation, Adams helped formulate resistance to the Stamp Act and played a vital role in organizing the Boston Tea Party.

Question 26

Second Continental Congress

Answer 26

Group that met in Philadelphia in May 1775 to make decisions after the Battle of Lexington & Concord. John Hancock was President of this group.

Question 27

Separation of Powers

Answer 27

A fundamental principle of the United States government, whereby powers and responsibilities are divided among the legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch.

Question 28

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 28

led by Daniel Shays, erupted between 1786 -1787 in Massachusetts. The causes of the revolt, which became known as Shays Rebellion was money - or the lack of money. The American Revolutionary War had resulted in massive War Debts.

Question 29

Social contract theory

Answer 29

the voluntary agreement among individuals by which, according to any of various theories, as of Hobbes, Locke, or Rousseau, organized society is brought into being and invested with the right to secure mutual protection and welfare or to regulate the relations among its members.

Question 30

Son’s and Daughters of Liberty

Answer 30

People who were brought together as a response of the Stamp Act Organized protests against the acts and hung tax collectors in effigy. They helped keep the boycotting of goods continue. Stood for independence

Question 31

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 31

This was a meeting held between October 7 and 25, 1765, in New York City, consisting of representatives from some of the British colonies in North America; it was the first gathering of elected representatives from several of the American colonies to devise a unified protest against new British taxation.

Question 32

Supremacy Clause

Answer 32

The clause in United States Constitution’s Article VI, stating that all laws made furthering the Constitution and all treaties made under the authority of the United States are the “supreme law of the land.”

Question 33

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 33

A political leader of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; one of the Founding Fathers; the leader of the Democratic-Republican party.

Question 34

Thomas Paine

Answer 34

American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist’s fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)

Question 35

Three fifths Compromise

Answer 35

An agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 to count 3/5 of slave population in state representatives

Question 36

Virginia Plan

Answer 36

Initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states

Question 37

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 37

United States statesman and leader of the Federalists; as the first Secretary of the Treasury he establish a federal bank; was mortally wounded in a duel with Aaron Burr (1755-1804)

Question 38

Anti-federalists

Answer 38

a person who opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution

Question 39

Article 1

Answer 39

United States Constitution establishes the legislative branch of the federal government, the United States Congress. The Congress is a bicameral legislature consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate.

Question 40

Article 2

Answer 40

United States Constitution is the section that makes the executive branch of the government. The Executive branch of the government is the branch that has the responsibility and authority for the administration throughout the day of the state.

Question 41

Article 3

Answer 41

the Constitution establishes and empowers the judicial branch of the national government.

Question 42

Article 4

Answer 42

The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.

Question 43

Article 5

Answer 43

Constitution describes the process whereby the Constitution, the nation’s frame of government, may be altered. Altering the Constitution consists of proposing an amendment or amendments and subsequent ratification.

Question 44

Article 6

Answer 44

United States Constitution establishes the laws and treaties of the United States made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land, forbids a religious test as a requirement for holding a governmental position and holds the United States under the Constitution responsible for debts incurred by the United States under the Articles of Confederation.

Question 45

Articles of Confederation

Answer 45

a written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states. It was a plan of government for the United States of America. Went into effect in 1781

Question 46

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 46

Helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

Question 47

Bill Of Rights

Answer 47

The first ten amendments, or additions, to the Constitution which give people important rights such as freedom of speech.

Question 48

Checks and Balances

Answer 48

counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups.

Question 49

Common Sense

Answer 49

a system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power

Question 50

Constitution

Answer 50

A document that embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed. It was drafted by the Constitutional Convention and later supplemented by the Bill of Rights and other amendments.

Question 51

Constitutional Convention

Answer 51

The gathering that drafted the Constitution of the United States in 1787; all states were invited to send delegates. The convention, meeting in Philadelphia, designed a government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches.