Buzz Words 2 Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
Congenital Disease: deletion in chromosome 22
A
Di George
2
Q
Congenital Disease: Translocation of Chromosome 21
Give 4
A
- ALL
- AML
- CML
- Down
3
Q
Congenital Disease: Trisomy of Chromosome 13
A
Patau
4
Q
Congenital Disease: Trisomy of Chromosome 18
A
Edwards
5
Q
Congenital Disease: Trisomy of X Chromosome
A
Triple X Syndrome
Kleinfelter
Think learning disability
6
Q
Microbio Tests: CAMP Test
A
GBS
GBS vs GAS
7
Q
Microbio Tests: ELEK Test
A
Corynebacterium diphtheria
Identify toxin producing strains
8
Q
Microbio Tests: Germ Tube Test
A
Candida
9
Q
Microbio Tests: Weil-Felix Test
A
Ricketssia
Proteu vulgaris
10
Q
Microbio Tests: Monospot
A
EBV
11
Q
Microbio Tests: VDRL (Lecitihin/Cardiolipin)
A
Syphilis/ Treponemal
12
Q
Stains: Congo Red
A
Amyloidosis
Multiple Myeloma - Bone Marrow
Alzheimer - Brain
13
Q
Stains: Cytokeratin
A
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Detects Mallory Bodies
Stain intermediate filaments
14
Q
Stains: PAS
Give 4
A
Gaucher Niemann-Pick Alpha-1 ANtutrypsin Whipple Disease Stains glycogen, glycoprotein and BMs
15
Q
Stains: Prussian Blue
A
Hemochromatosis
Stains iron deposition
16
Q
Stains: Trichrome
A
Fibrosis and cirrhosis
17
Q
Stains: Ziehl-Neelsen
A
Acid Fast Bacilli
18
Q
Antibodies to Centromeres
A
CREST
19
Q
Antibodies to GP210
A
Biliary Cirrhosis
20
Q
Antibodies to SSA ribonucleoprotein (RBP)
A
Sjogren Syndrome
21
Q
Antibodies to SM
A
SLE
22
Q
Antibodies to DNA topoisomerase (anti SCL 70)
A
Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis
23
Q
Antihistone
A
Drug-induced SLE
24
Q
Patho: Elongated azurophilic Needles with myeloblasts
A
Auer Rods
AML
25
Patho: epitheloid macrophages with granulomas in thyroid
De Quervain
| Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis
26
Patho: Laminated, concentric, calcific spherules in thyroid
pasmomma boidees of Papillary CA
27
Patho: Spindle cells and giant cell differentiation in thyroid
Anaplastic CA
28
Patho: Uniform cells forming small follicles containing colloid in thyroid
Follicular CA
29
3p
| Chromosome Tumor Suppressor Genes
Von Hippel Lindau Gene
| HIF-1a - Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 alpha
30
5q
| Chromosome Tumor Suppressor Genes
APC
| FAP
31
13q
| Chromosome Tumor Suppressor Genes
Rb
| Retinoblastoma, Osteosarcoma
32
17q
| Chromosome Tumor Suppressor Genes
NF1
| Cafe Au lait spots, ASTROCYTOMAS
33
22q
| Chromosome Tumor Suppressor Genes
NF 2
| Meningioma, Optic Glioma, BILATERAL SCHWANNOMAS
34
Microbio Test: cold agglutinins
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
35
Microbio Test: Silver Staining
Legionella
36
Microbio Test: Quellung Reaction
Strep pneumoniae
37
Microbio Test: Requirement for Cysteine
ELLAS
| Francisella, Legionella, Brucella, Pasteurella
38
Microbio Test: Requirement for Factor X and V
H influenzae
39
What causes atypical pneumonia? (3)
Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella
40
Indomethacin will _____ the PDA
CLOSE
41
Alprostadil will _______ the PDA
OPEN
42
CREST
```
Calcinosis
Reynaud's
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia
```
43
Arthritis that is (-) Rheumatoid Factor
HLA-B27
44
What does Reiter SYndrome and Psoriatic Arthritis have in common?
HLA-B27
45
Erythroblastosis fetalis
| Mother is positive for ______ Coombs
Indirect
46
Erythroblastosis fetalis
| Baby is positive for ________ Coombs
Direct
47
Jaundice, kernicterus
| where in brain?
basal ganglia
| thalamus, cerebellum, cerebral gray matter, spinal cord
48
ChemoTx: Inhibits DNA polymerase; pyrimidine analog
Cytarabine
49
ChemoTx: DNA strand breaks; iron forming ROS
Bleomycin
50
ChemoTx: Pulmonary fibrosis ADR
Bleomycin
51
ChemoTx: DNA strand breaks; inserts in between DNA bases
Doxorubicin
52
ChemoTx: Topoisomerase inhibitor
Etoposide
53
ChemoTx: Inhibits mitosis by binding to tubulin' preventing degradation of microtubules
Paclitaxel
54
ChemoTx: Alopecia and BM Suppression ADR
Paclitaxel
55
Wilson Disease Chellator
Penicillamine
56
MOA of LACTULOSE IN hEPATIC eNCEPHALOPATHY
aCIDIFICATION OF INTESTINAL CONTENTS
57
Oncogenes: MYCC
Burkitt Lymphome
58
Oncogenes: MYCL
Small cell carcinoma
59
Oncogenes: MYCN
Neuroblastoma
60
Oncogenes: RET
MEN 2A / 2B
61
Oncogenes: WT1
Wilm's Tumor
62
Pediatric palpable abdominal mass that crosses midline
Neuroblastoma
63
Pediatric palpabale abdominal mass that does not cross the midline
Wilm's Tumor
64
Where can you find rosettes?
| (3) Hint: REMoma
Ependymoma
Retinoblastoma
Medulloblastoma
65
WAGR
Wilm's Tumor
Aniridia
Genitourinary malformations
Retardation
66
Innervates interosseus muscles and opponens
Lower trunk of the brachial plexus
67
innervates interosseus muscles but not opponens
ulnar nerve
68
innervates opponens muscle but not interosseous muscles
median nerve (innervates thenar muscles instead)
69
Gm positive branching rods
Actinomyces
70
Yellow granular pus from absecces around jaw
Actinomyces
| Cervicofacial mycetoma
71
Marfanoid habitus + intellectual disability
Homocysteinuria
72
Difference between lens subluxation for Marfan's vs Homocysteinuria
Downward: Homocystenuria
Upward: Marfans
73
Marfanoid habitus + pheochromocytoma, or thyroid/parathyroid problesm
MEN 2A
74
Increased C-peptide, Increased Insulin
Insulinoma
75
Decreased C-peptide, Decreased Insulin
DM Type 1
76
No C-peptide, Increased Insulin
Insulin Injection
77
Keratin-filled cysts
Seborrheic Dermatitis
| Mole that can be scraped off
78
Koilocytosis
HPV
| Warts
79
Nuclear atypia of basal keratinocytes
Actinic keratosis
| Premalignant SCC
80
Palisaded malignant basal cell
Basal Cell CA
| grows under the dermis --> pearly grey lesions
81
Abnormal uterine bleeding; uniformly enlarged uterus
Adenomyosis
| Endometrial glandular tissue within the myometrium
82
Greater increase in endometrial gland proliferation as compared to stroma
endometrial hyperplasia
83
hyperplastic growth of endometrial glands AND stroma
endometrial polyp
84
Na/Cl cotransporter inhibition (in renal tubules)
Thiazide diuretic
85
Diuretic that will cause Hypercalcemia
Thiazide Diuretic
86
Vaccines that will stimulate MHC Class 1 antigen-processing pathway and can generate CD8 + lymphocytes that kill infected cells
Live-attenuated viral vaccines
87
How does FLU vaccine work?
a. Impaired intracellular viral assembly
b. Inhibition of viral genome replication
c. inhibition of viral entry into cells
C
Flu vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against hemagglutinin antigen of selected strains which will inhibit binding of the hemagglutinin to sialylated receptors on the host cell membrane
88
Turner Syndrome
| Genetic Pathophysio?
Meiotic nondisjunction
| 45X
89
Missing SHOX gene
Turner Syndrome
REason for short stature
SHOX gene promotes long bone growth
90
Klinefelter Syndrome
| Genetic Pathophysio?
Meiotic nondisjunction
91
Huntington Disease
| _ _ _ repeats
CAG
92
Fragile X syndrome
| _ _ _ repeats
CGG
93
Myotonic Dystrophy
| _ _ _ repeats
CTG
94
______ psychotherapy
developing insight into unresolved conflicts in childhood
95
_______ psychotherapy
bolstering adaptive psychological defenses to help individuals cope with acute crises or chronic psychiatric illness
96
mid-systolic click
mitral valve prolapse
97
shorter s2-to-opening snap interval
worsening mitral stenosis
98
murmur that can tell severity of mitral REGURGITATION
presence of audible S3
99
Key cell player in formation of abscesses
Neutrophils
100
What causes liquefactive necrosis in the lungs/lung abscess?
Release of cytotoxic granules by lysosomes
| e.g. myeloperoxidases
