Buzzwords

Question 1

irregularly irregular heart rate, absent P waves

Answer 1

atrial fibrillation

Question 2

saw tooth ECG

Answer 2

atrial flutter

Question 3

early diastolic

Answer 3

aortic regurgitation

Question 4

pansystolic murmur, radiates to the axilla

Answer 4

mitral regurgitation

Question 5

mid diastolic murmur, opening click/snap

Answer 5

mitral stenosis

Question 6

ejection systolic murmur, radiates to the carotids

Answer 6

aortic stenosis

Question 7

machinery murmur (throughout diastole and systole)

Answer 7

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 8

radio-femoral delay (delay of feeling the pulse from the radial pulse and the femoral pulse)

Answer 8

coarctation of the aorta

Question 9

overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 9

tetralogy of fallot

Question 10

smoker, central crushing pain, radiates to arms and jaw, sweating profusely

Answer 10

acute coronary thrombosis (MI)

Question 11

chest/abdominal pain, radiating to the back, history of hypertension, pulsatile and expansible mass felt in the mid line

Answer 11

aortic aneursym/ aortic aneurysm dissection

Question 12

fever and NEW murmur

Answer 12

infective endocarditis until proven otherwise (question may or may not say ‘after a dental procedure/tooth infection’ - Strep. Viridians)

Question 13

severe, tearing pain from the centre of chest that radiates to back between shoulder blades. Sometimes over a few days (MI is acute)

Answer 13

aortic dissection

Question 14

adverse reaction of dry cough

Answer 14

Ace inhibitors - ramipril, lisinopril

Question 15

adverse reaction of yellow tinged vision

Answer 15

Digoxin toxicity

Question 16

SOB, night sweats, haemoptysis, travel (india), immunocompromised

Answer 16

TB

Question 17

SOB, polyphonic wheeze, haeoptysis, typically wake up at 4am breathless, worse when exercising or when it’s cold

Answer 17

asthma

Question 18

child/adolescent, SOB, cough, hyperinflation of chest on CXR, foul smelling stools

Answer 18

cystic fibrosis

Question 19

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, afro-Caribbean

Answer 19

sarcoidosis

Question 20

pregnant woman/ old person post surgery/ woman on the pill/ after flying- SOB and swollen calf

Answer 20

DVT causing pulmonary embolus

Question 21

oat cell on histology

Answer 21

small cell carcinoma of the lung

Question 22

weight loss, SOB, worked with asbestos

Answer 22

malignant mesothelioma

Question 23

elderly patient, SOB, cough, fever

Answer 23

pneumonia

Question 24

young tall male (basketball player), sharp chest pain, sudden SOB, unilateral decreased chest expansion and breath sounds

Answer 24

spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 25

stab wound, tracheal deviation

Answer 25

tension pneumothorax

Question 26

older woman, SOB, long flight, raised D-dimer

Answer 26

pulmonary embolism

Question 27

voice hoarseness, horner's syndrome (sunken eye) ptosis (drooping eye), anhydrosis (no sweat)

Answer 27

pancoast's tumour

Question 28

dyspnoea, fatigue/syncope

Answer 28

cor pulmonale

Question 29

epigastric pain, radiating to the back, better when leaning forward (usually have history of excessive alcohol consumption)

Answer 29

pancreatitis

Question 30

double swallow

Answer 30

pharyngeal pouch

Question 31

bird beak oesophageal sphincter

Answer 31

achalasia

Question 32

baby projectile vomiting, olive sized mass felt over epigastric area

Answer 32

pyloric stenosis

Question 33

offensive smelling stools, hard to flush, buttock wasting

Answer 33

coeliac's disease

Question 34

epigastric pain, worse when eating, been taking NSAIDs

Answer 34

gastric ulcer

Question 35

epigastric pain, made better when eating

Answer 35

duodenal ulcer

Question 36

abdominal pain, started by umbilicus and moved to right iliac fossa

Answer 36

appendicitis

Question 37

weight loss, blood in stool

Answer 37

adenocarcinoma of colon until proven otherwise

Question 38

teenage girl, part-time model, complaining of diarrhoea, admits to self-induced vomiting

Answer 38

laxative abuse

Question 39

overweight, epigastric/chest pain that gets worse when bending over or lying down (at night when get into bed)

Answer 39

GORD

Question 40

diarrhoea, with mouth ulcers

Answer 40

crohn's

Question 41

diarrhoea after antibiotics for a different problem

Answer 41

pseudomembranous colitis- C.difficile

Question 42

right upper quadrant colicky pain, may or may not be worse after eating fatty foods

Answer 42

gall stones (cholecystitis)

Question 43

traveller's diarrhoea

Answer 43

giardiasis

Question 44

bloody diarrhoea and fever

Answer 44

E.coli gastroenteritis | If after this infection they develop haematuria and haemolytic anaemia = haemolytic uraemic syndroma

Question 45

kayser fleisher rings - brown ring in eye

Answer 45

Wilson's disease

Question 46

alcoholic retching then haemochromatosis

Answer 46

mallory weiss tear

Question 47

rice water stool

Answer 47

cholera

Question 48

double bubble xray, downs syndrome, infant

Answer 48

duodenal atresia

Question 49

haemoptysis and haematuria

Answer 49

goodpasture's syndrome

Question 50

males, bleeding problems, factor VIII deficient

Answer 50

haemophilia A

Question 51

plumber (or water systems- hotels, conferences) flu like symptoms

Answer 51

leigionella

Question 52

pins and needles (peripheral neuropathy) due to vit B6 deficiency

Answer 52

isoniazid adverse reaction

Question 53

chest pain that is worse when doing particular movements

Answer 53

musculoskeletal/ costrochondritis

Question 54

women, lower abdo pain, missed a period

Answer 54

ectopic pregnancy

Question 55

tiredness, fatigue, menorrhagia (heavy periods)

Answer 55

iron deficiency anaemia

Question 56

haematuria, weight loss, palpable lymph nodes, lives or has been travelling to egypt, or been swimming in fresh water lakes while on holiday in africa

Answer 56

schistosomiasis

Question 57

flu-like symptoms, jaundice and renal failure, been swimming in lakes where rats wee

Answer 57

leptospirosis

Question 58

palmer crease

Answer 58

downs syndrome

Question 59

central chest pain, radiating to back, better when leaning forward

Answer 59

pericarditis - basically same presentation as pancreatitis, except this is chest pain, not abdo

Question 60

redcurrent jelly stool, sausage shaped mass

Answer 60

intussusception

Question 61

short stature, webbed neck, murmur heard at upper left sternal edge and radiating to the back

Answer 61

turners syndrome with coarctation of the aorta

Question 62

male, tall stature, weak muscles,infertile

Answer 62

kleinfelter's syndrome (XXY)