C2.2 Neural signalling SL

Question 1

Neuron

Answer 1

A cell in the nervous system that transmits electrical impulses.

Question 2

Axon

Answer 2

A long fiber that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron’s cell body

Question 3

Dendrite

Answer 3

Branching neural fibers that receive incoming signals.

Question 4

Resting Potential

Answer 4

The negative charge within a neuron when it’s at rest, due to ion distribution

Question 5

Action Potential

Answer 5

A rapid rise and subsequent fall in voltage or membrane potential across a cellular membrane

Question 6

Myelination

Answer 6

Process of coating axons with myelin, increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission

Question 7

Synapse

Answer 7

Junction between two neurons, where neurotransmitters facilitate signal transmission

Question 8

Neurotransmitter

Answer 8

Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse

Question 9

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (EPSPs)

Answer 9

Postsynaptic potential that makes a neuron more likely to fire an action potential

Question 10

Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials (IPSPs)

Answer 10

Postsynaptic potential that makes a neuron less likely to fire an action potential

Question 11

Acetylcholine

Answer 11

A common neurotransmitter in both the peripheral and central nervous system

Question 12

Dopamine

Answer 12

A neurotransmitter involved in motivation, reward, and motor control

Question 13

Serotonin

Answer 13

A neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation

Question 14

GABA

Answer 14

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain