c4

Question 1

need

Answer 1

difference btwn present situation and a more desirable one

can be expressed in diff ways

ex: need for better health, for more knowledge, or a skill

Question 2

needs assessment

Answer 2

process of identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing the needs of a priority population

aka community analysis, community diagnosis, community assessment

may be the most critical step in planning process bc it provides objective data to define important health problems, set priorities for program implementation, and establishes a baseline for evaluating program impact

Question 3

capacity

Answer 3

individual, organizational, and community resources that enable a community to take action

Question 4

community capacity

Answer 4

community characteristics affecting its ability to identify, mobilize, and address problems

Question 5

capacity building

Answer 5

activities that enhance the resources of individuals, organizations, and communities to improve their effectiveness in taking action

Question 6

list various methods for collecting primary data

Answer 6

p72

p83

Question 7

locate secondary data sources that are in print and on the world wide web

Answer 7

p85

p88: make sure online info is credible and valid

Question 8

explain how a needs assessment can be completed

Answer 8

1) determine purpose and scope
2) gather data
3) analyze data
4) identify risk factors linked to health problem
5) identify program focus
6) validate need

p90 and 98

Question 9

explain what is meant by health impact assessment

Answer 9

systematic process that uses and array of data sources and annalytic methods and considers input from stakeholders to determine the potential effects of a proprosed policy, plan, program, or project on teh healht of a population and the distribution of those effects w/in pop
-provides recommendations on monitoring and managing those effects

approach tha tcan help idnetify and consider potentital, or actual, health impacts of a proposal on a population

p101

Question 10

action research

Answer 10

systematic inquiry, with the collaboration of those affected by the issue being studied, for the purposed of education of taking action of effecting change

Question 11

basic priority rating BPR

Answer 11

model used to prioritize needs assessment data

Question 12

bias

Answer 12

preference that inhibits impartiality

Question 13

BPR model 2.0

Answer 13

updated version of basic priority rating

Question 14

categorical funds

Answer 14

those that are earmarked or dedicated to support programs aimed at a specific health problem or determinant (ie risk factor)

Question 15

community forum

Answer 15

process that brings people from the priority population to discuss problems and needs

Question 16

delphi technique

Answer 16

group process that generates a consensus through a series of questionnaires

Question 17

focus group

Answer 17

exploratory process that is used for generating hypotheses, uncovering attitudes and opinions, and acquiring and testing new ideas

Question 18

health assessments HAs

Answer 18

include instruments known as health risk appraisals/assessments (HRAs), health status assessments HSAs, various lifestyle-specific assessment instruments, and wellness and behavioral/habit inventories

Question 19

health impact assessment HIA

Answer 19

combo of procedures, mehtods, and tools by which a policy, program, or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the healht of a population and the distribution of those effects within hte pop

Question 20

HIPAA

Answer 20

health insurance portability and accountability act of ‘96

sets national standards that healht plans, health care clearinghouses, and healht care providers who conduct certain healht care transactions electronically must implement to protect and guard agains the misuse of individually identifiable healht info

Question 21

key informants

Answer 21

individ w/ unique knowledge about a topic

Question 22

mapping

Answer 22

visual rep of data by geography or location, linking info to a place

Question 23

networking

Answer 23

interaction among individ in order to share info

Question 24

nominal group process

Answer 24

hihgly structured process in whic a few knowledgeable representatives (5-7) are asked to qualify and quanitfy specific needs

Question 25

observation

Answer 25

p79
notice taken of an indicator

ppl and environemnt (things around pripority pop) can be observed
-minimal contact method of data collection bc those doing hte observation can see but do not interact with those in the priority

-direct (actually seeing a situation or behavior) –> time consuming but it seldom encounters propbelm of ppl refusing ot partiicpate in teh data collection, resulitng in a high response rate or indirect

more accurate than self report

Question 26

obtrusive observation

Answer 26

when ppl know they are being observed

Question 27

opinion leaders

Answer 27

those well respected in a community and can accurately represent the views of the priority population

Question 28

participatory data collection

Answer 28

members of the priority population participate in data collection

Question 29

participatory research

Answer 29

systematic inquiry, w/ teh collaboration of htose affected by the issue being studied, for the purposes of education and of taking action or effecting change

Question 30

photovoice

Answer 30

those in the priority pop are provided w/ cameras and skills training, then use the cameras to convey their own images of the community’s problems and strengths

Question 31

primary data

Answer 31

original data collected by the planners

Question 32

proxy measure

Answer 32

outcome measure that provides evidence that a behavior has occured

Question 33

random digit dialing RDD

Answer 33

method of selecting participants using random combo of numbers to call telephone numbers

Question 34

self-assessments

Answer 34

process wherein an individ assesses himself or herself

Question 35

self-report

Answer 35

when individ or groups answer questions about htemselves

Question 36

significant others

Answer 36

one who has an important reslationship with another firend , family mbmber, spouse, partner

Question 37

single-step survey

Answer 37

means of gatehring data in which collectors obtain the data from individ or groups wiht a single contact

Question 38

unobtrusive observation

Answer 38

when ppl are not aware they are being measured, assessed, or tested

Question 39

walk-through

Answer 39

an observation completed by walking through an area at various times on diff days looking for indicators of health

Question 40

windshield tour

Answer 40

an observation completed by driving through an area at various times on diff days looking for indicators of health