C400 Flashcards
1
Q
Define Unified Action.
A
The synchronization, coordination, and/or integration of the activities of governmental and nongovernmental entities with military operations to achieve unity of effort (JP 1).
2
Q
What are the U.S. Army strategic roles in support of the joint force?
A
- Shape Operational environments
- Prevent Conflict
- Prevail in large-scale ground combat
- Consolidate Gains
3
Q
What is the Army’s Operational Concept?
A
Unified Land Operations
4
Q
Define Unified Land Operations
A
The simultaneous execution of offense, defense, stability, and defense support of civil authorities across multiple domains as part of unified action.
5
Q
What is the Army’s contribution to joint operations?
A
Unified Land Operations
6
Q
How is Unified Land Operations executed?
A
Through Decisive Action
7
Q
Define a threat.
A
Any combination of actors, entities, or forces that have the capability and intent to harm U.S. Forces, U.S. national interests, or the homeland.
8
Q
What is Large Scale ground combat operations?
A
Sustained combat operations involving multiple corps and divisions.
9
Q
Define enemy.
A
A party identified as hostile against which the use of force is authorized.
10
Q
Define hybrid threat.
A
The diverse and dynamic combination of regular forces, irregular forces, terrorists, or criminal elements acting in concert to achieve mutually benefitting effects.
11
Q
Define Operational Art.
A
The cognitive approach by commanders and staffs supported by their skill knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgement when exercising military command at the operational-level of warfare.
12
Q
Define hazard.
A
A condition with the potential to cause injury, illness, or death of personnel; damage to or loss of equipment or property; or mission degradation.
13
Q
Define Consolidate Gains.
A
Activities to make enduring any temporary operational success and to set the conditions for a sustainable security environment, allowing for a transition of control to other legitimate authorities.
14
Q
Define landpower.
A
The ability by threat, force or occupation to gain, sustain, and exploit control over land, resources, and people.
15
Q
Define concept of operations.
A
A verbal or graphic statement that clearly and concisely expresses what the commander intends to accomplish and how it will be done using available resources.
16
Q
What are the principles of joint operations?
A
- Objective
- Offensive
- Mass
- Maneuver
- Economy of Force
- Unity of Command
- Security
- Surprise
- Simplicity
- Restraint
- Perseverance
- Legitimacy
17
Q
destroy defeat mechanism explained
A
apply lethal combat power on an enemy capability so that is can no longer perform any function.
18
Q
To render a force incapable of achieving its objectives.
A
defeat definition
19
Q
Method through which friendly forces accomplish their mission against enemy opposition.
A
Defeat Mechanism
20
Q
Which operations do defeat mechanisms relate to?
A
offensive and defensive operations
21
Q
Which operations do stability mechanism relate to?
A
Stability operations, security and consolidating gains
22
Q
What are the four defeat mechanisms?
A
- destroy
- dislocate
- disintegrate
- isolate
23
Q
Tactical task that renders an enemy force combat-ineffective until it is reconstituted
A
Destroy
24
Q
End state and conditions
Center of Gravity
Decisive Points
Lines of Operations and Lines of Effort
Tempo
Phasing and transitions
Culmination
Operational Reach
Basing
Risk
A
Elements of Operational Art
25
Disintegrate defeat mechanism
Disrupt the enemy's command and control system, degrading its ability to conduct operations while leading to a rapid collapse of the enemy's capabilities or will to fight.
26
Dislocate defeat mechanism
employ forces to obtain significant positional advantage, rendering the enemy's dispositions less viable, perhaps even irrelevant
27
What are the four stability mechanisms?
1. Compel
2. Control
3. Influence
4. Support
28
isolate defeat task
To separate a force from its sources of support in order to reduce its effectiveness and increase its vulnerability to defeat.
29
4 Types of Offensive Operations
1. Movement to contact
2. Attack
3. Exploitation
4. Pursuit
30
3 Types of Defensive Operations
1. Mobile Defense
2. Area Defense
3. Retrograde
31
6 Primary Stability Tasks
1. Establish civil security
2. Establish civil control
3. Restore essential services
4. Support governance
5. Support economic and infrastructure development
6. Conduct Security Cooperation
32
4 Primary DSCA Tasks
1. Provide support for domestic disasters
2. Provide support for domestic CBRN incidents
3. Provide support for domestic civilian law enforcement agencies
4. Provide other designated support
33
1. Provide a secure environment
2. Secure land areas
3. Meet the critical needs of the population
4. Gain support for host-nation government
5. Shape the environment for interagency and host-nation success
6. Promote security, build partner capacity, and provide access
7. Refine intelligence
Stability Purposes
34
1. Save lives
2. Restore essential services
3. Maintain or restore law and order
4. Protect infrastructure and property
5. Support maintenance or restoration of local government
6. Shape the environment for intergovernmental success
DSCA Purposes
35
1. Deter or defeat enemy offense
2. Gain time
3. Achieve economy of force
4. Retain key terrain
5. Protect the population, critical assets, and infrastructure
6. Refine intelligence
Defense Purposes
36
1. Dislocate, isolate, disrupt, and destroy enemy forces
2. Seize key terrain
3. Deprive the enemy of resources
4. Refine intelligence
5. Deceive and divert the enemy
6. Provide a secure environment for stability tasks
Offense Purposes
37
Method through which friendly forces affect civilians in order to attain conditions that support establishing a lasting, stable peace.
Stability Mechanisms
38
Compel Stability Mechanism
**To use, or threaten to use, lethal force** to establish control and dominance, affect behavioral change, or enforce compliance with mandates, agreements, or civil authority.
39
The source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action or will to act
Center of Gravity
40
Control Stability Mechanism
Imposing civil order.
41
The continuous, simultaneous execution of offensive, defensive, and stability operations or defense support of civil authority tasks.
Decisive Action
42
Influence Stability Mechanism
**Alter the opinions, attitudes, and ultimately the behavior** of foreign friendly, neutral, adversary, and enemy audiences **through messages, presence, and actions.**
43
Support Stability Mechanism
Establishes, reinforces, or sets the conditions necessary for the instruments of national power to function effectively.
44
Desired future conditions the commander wants to exist when an operation ends.
End State
45
A geographic place, specific key event, critical factor or function that when acted upon allows commanders to gain a marked advantage over an enemy or contribute materially to achieving success.
Decisive Point
46
A line that defines the directional orientation of a force in **time** and **space** in relation to the enemy and links the force with its base of operations and objectives.
Line of Operations
47
Lines on which a force operates when its operations diverge from a central point.
Interior Lines
48
Lines on which a force operates when its operations converge on the enemy.
Exterior lines
49
Tie offensive and defensive operations to the geographic and positional references in the area of operations.
Lines of Operations
50
Line that links multiple tasks using the logic of purpose rather than geographical reference to focus efforts toward establishing a desired end state.
Line of Effort
51
DSCA tasks the culminating point occurs....
When the force must respond to more catastrophic events than they can manage simultaneously leads to exhaustion.
52
- a tether; a function of intelligence, protection, sustainment, endurance, and combat power relative to enemy forces -balances the natural tension among endurance, momentum, and protection
Operational Reach
53
The relative speed and rhythm of military operations over time with respect to the enemy. Rate of military action.
Tempo
54
Planning and execution tool used to divide an operation in duration and activity.
Phase
55
A change in ________ usually involves a change of mission, task organization, or rules of engagement.
phases
56
A point at which a force no longer has the capability to continue its form of operations, offense or defense.
culmination point
57
Offensive operations the culminating point occurs when....
a force cannot continue the attack and must assume a defensive posture or execute an operational pause.
58
Defensive operations the culminating point occurs when....
A force can no longer defend itself and must withdraw or risk destruction.
59
Stability tasks the culminating point occurs under two conditions....
When units are too dispersed to achieve security and units lack required resources to achieve the end state.
60
an operation to defeat or destroy enemy forces and gain control of
terrain, resources, and population centers.
offensive operation
61
an operation to defeat an enemy attack, gain time, economize forces, and
develop conditions favorable for offensive or stability operations
defensive operation
62
an operation conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to establish or maintain a secure environment and provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief.
stability operation
63
performed to support another primary agency, lead federal agency, or local authority.
DSCA
64
protection of United States sovereignty, territory, domestic population, and
critical infrastructure against external threats and aggression or other threats as directed by the President
Homeland defense
65
1. Mission Command
2. Develop the Situation Through Action
3. Combined Arms
4. Adherence to the law of War
5. Establish and maintain security
6. Security Tasks
6 Principles of ULO
66
exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission
Command and Control Definition
67
1. Competence
2. Trust
3. Shared Understanding
4. Commander's Intent
5. Mission Orders
6. Disciplined Initiative
7. Risk Acceptance
Mission Command 7 Fundamentals
68
synchronized and simultaneous application of arms to achieve an effect
greater than if each element was used separately or sequentially.
Combined arms
69
describe the Army’s approach to generating and applying
combat power across the range of military operations during decisive action.
Tenets of unified land operations
70
1. Simultaneity.
2. Depth.
3. Synchronization.
4. Flexibility.
4 Tenets of unified land operations
71
execution of related and mutually supporting tasks at the same time across
multiple locations and domains.
Simultaneity
72
extension of operations in time, space, or purpose to achieve definitive results
Depth
73
the arrangement of military actions in time, space, and purpose to produce
maximum relative combat power at a decisive place and time
Synchronization
74
employment of a versatile mix of capabilities, formations, and equipment for
conducting operations.
Flexibility
75
operations process
planning, preparing, executing, and continuously assessing an operation
76
to drive the planning necessary to understand, visualize, and describe their unique operational environments; make and articulate decisions; and direct, lead, and assess military operations.
How Commanders use the operations process
77
Army leaders employ three methodologies for planning
the Army design methodology,
the military decision-making process
troop leading procedures
78
Planning consists of two separate but interrelated components?
conceptual component and a detailed component
79
is the art and science of understanding a situation, envisioning a desired future, and laying out effective ways of bringing that future about
Planning
80
activities performed by units and Soldiers to improve their ability to execute an operation
Preparation
81
the act of putting a plan into action by applying combat power to accomplish the mission and adjusting operations based on changes in the situation
Execution
82
determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating a condition,
or achieving an objective
assessment
83
The Army design methodology is useful as an aid to conceptual thinking about….
unfamiliar problems.
84
dynamic process used by small-unit leaders to analyze a mission, develop
a plan, and prepare for an operation
Troop leading procedures
85
1. leadership
2. information,
3. command and control
4. movement and maneuver,
5. intelligence
6. fires
7. sustainment
8. protection
8 Elements of Combat Power
86
1. Command and Control
2. Movement and Maneuver
3. Intelligence
4. Fires
5. Sustainment
6. Protection
6 Army War fighting functions
87
a cognitive tool that commanders and staffs use to visualize and describe
the application of combat power, in time, space, purpose, and resources, as they develop the concept of
operations.
operational framework
88
1. assigned an area of operations
2. designate deep, close, rear and support, and consolidation areas
3. decisive, shaping, and sustaining operations
4. the main and supporting efforts
4 components of operational framework
89
the operation that directly accomplishes the mission.
decisive operation
90
operation at any echelon that creates and preserves conditions for success of the decisive operation through effects on the enemy, other actors, and the terrain
shaping operation
91
operation at any echelon that enables the decisive operation or
shaping operations by generating and maintaining combat power
sustaining operation
92
designated subordinate unit whose mission at a given point in time is most critical to overall mission success.
main effort
93
designated subordinate unit with a mission that supports the success of
the main effort.
supporting effort
94
total means of destructive, constructive, and information capabilities that a
military unit or formation can apply at a given time.
Combat power
95
the activity of influencing people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation to accomplish the mission and improve the organization
leadership
96
group of tasks and systems united by a common purpose that
commanders use to accomplish missions and training objectives
warfighting function
97
related tasks and a system that enable commanders to synchronize and converge all elements of combat power. WFF
command and control warfighting function
98
The command and control warfighting function consists of the command and control warfighting function **tasks** and the command and control **system**.
Tasks: Command Forces, Control Operations, Drive the Operations Process, Establish C2 System
C2 System: People, Processes, networks, and Command Posts
99
related tasks and systems that move and employ forces to achieve a position of relative advantage over the enemy and other threats WFF
movement and maneuver warfighting function
100
Move.
Maneuver.
Employ direct fires.
Occupy an area.
Conduct mobility and countermobility.
Conduct reconnaissance and surveillance.
Employ battlefield obscuration.
WFF M2 Tasks
100
Move.
Maneuver.
Employ direct fires.
Occupy an area.
Conduct mobility and countermobility.
Conduct reconnaissance and surveillance.
Employ battlefield obscuration.
WFF M2 Tasks
101
related tasks and systems that facilitate understanding the enemy, terrain, weather, civil considerations, and other significant aspects of the operational environment.
intelligence warfighting function
102
Provide intelligence support to force generation.
Provide support to situational understanding.
Conduct information collection.
Provide intelligence support to targeting and information capabilities.
intelligence warfighting function tasks
103
related tasks and systems that create and converge effects in all domains against the adversary or enemy to enable operations across the range of military operations WFF
fires warfighting function
104
Execute fires across the five domains and in the information environment
Integrate Army, multinational, and joint fires though—
tasks of the fires warfighting function
105
related tasks and systems that provide support and services to ensure freedom of action, extended operational reach, and prolong endurance.
sustainment warfighting function
106
Logistics.
Financial management.
Personnel services.
Health service support.
sustainment warfighting function consists of four elements
107
planning and executing the movement and support of forces
Logistics
108
leverages fiscal policy and economic power across the range of military
operations. encompasses finance operations and resource management.
Financial management
109
sustainment functions that man and fund the force, maintain Soldier and Family
readiness, promote the moral and ethical values of the Nation, and enable the fighting qualities of the Army
Personnel services include human resources support, legal support, religious
support, and band support.
Personnel services
110
related tasks and systems that preserve the force so the
commander can apply maximum combat power to accomplish the mission.
protection warfighting function
111
Conduct survivability operations.
Provide force health protection.
Conduct chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear operations.
Provide explosive ordnance disposal support.
Coordinate air and missile defense support.
Conduct personnel recovery.
Conduct detention operations.
Conduct risk management.
Implement physical security procedures.
Apply antiterrorism measures.
Conduct police operations.
Conduct population and resource control.
Conduct area security.
Perform cyberspace security and defense.
Conduct electromagnetic protection.
Implement operations security.
protection warfighting function includes these tasks:
112
act of designing a force, support staff, or sustainment package of specific
size and composition to meet a unique task or mission
Task-organizing
113
task specifically assigned to a unit by its higher headquarters
specified task
114
task that must be performed to accomplish a specified task or mission but
is not stated in the higher headquarters’ order.
implied task
115
mission assigned to a unit that might be
executed
be-prepared mission
116
mission to be executed at an unspecified time
on-order mission
117
specified or implied task that must be executed to accomplish the mission
always included in the unit's mission statement
essential task
118
a restriction placed on the command by a higher command. A constraint dictates an action or inaction, thus restricting the freedom of action of a subordinate commander.
Constraints
119
CCIR fall into one of two
categories: PIRs and friendly force information requirements (FFIRs)
PIRs and friendly force information requirements (FFIRs)
120
identify the information
about the enemy and other aspects of the operational environment that the commander considers most
important.
PIRs
121
identify the information about the mission, troops and support available, and
time available for friendly forces that the commander considers most important.
FFIR
122
identify those elements of friendly force information that, if compromised,
would jeopardize mission success.
EEFIs
123
description of the primary issue or issues that may impede commanders from
achieving their desired end states.
problem statement
124
short sentence or paragraph that describes the
organization’s essential task(s), purpose, and action containing the elements of who, what, when, where,
and why
Mission Statemen
125
five elements of a mission statement answer these questions
Who will execute the operation (unit or organization)?
What is the unit’s essential task (tactical mission task)?
When will the operation begin (by time or event) or what is the duration of the operation?
Where will the operation occur (area of operations, objective, grid coordinates)?
Why will the force conduct the operations (for what purpose)?
